# | Article | Downloads | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6651 | The article is devoted to the study of the cognitive foundations of the Chinese phytonymic vocabulary metaphorical meanings formation. This layer of lexical units, fixing the most important areas of non-linguistic reality for native speakers, has a high degree of relevance for the Chinese national linguistic consciousness, which provides wide opportunities for its metaphorical reinterpretation. Secondary figurative nominations arising as a result of this process play an important role in the conceptualization of the world, acting as one of the main means of implementing the phytomorphic code of culture. The purpose of this work is a linguocognitive description of the Chinese figurative vocabulary, motivated by the names of objects and phenomena of the plant world, and the identification of a fragment of the Chinese language picture of the world, which is imprinted in it. The research material was the data of explanatory and phraseological dictionaries, as well as the contexts of the use of phytomorphic nominations extracted from the national corpus of the Chinese language. The study of the factual material was carried out using the method of component and contextual analysis, elements of linguocognitive modeling, as well as the method of linguocultural commentary. As a result of the analysis, the denotations of the Chinese phytonymic figurative nominations were determined, as well as the system of bases for metaphorical assimilation and schemes of prototypical metaphorical transfers from the source sphere of “Plants” involved in the conceptualization of other conceptual areas were revealed. The study showed that the names of plant objects are used for metaphorical interpretation of phenomena in such spheres of reality as “Man”, “Natural World”, “Abstract world” and “Society”. At the same time, the majority of plant metaphors (68.7%) in Chinese belong to the anthroposphere, among which prevail the nominations of the characteristics of appearance and moral qualities of a person. The formation of figurative meanings of phytonymic units included in the above-mentioned conceptual spheres is carried out according to certain metaphorical models characterized by a common basis of figurative analogy. It was also determined that various properties of objects of the plant world (such as shape, size, color, features of structure and consistency, stage of development, taste, general assessment of appearance, reaction to environmental factors, prevalence, nutritional and aesthetic value) can act as such common bases of figurative analogy. Their identification and consistent description made it possible to reconstruct to a certain extent the corresponding fragment of the Chinese language picture of the world. Keywords: plant metaphor, metaphorical model, phytonymic vocabulary, phytomorphism, linguistic picture of the world | 89 | |||||
6652 | The article is devoted to the description of the speech genre (hereinafter referred to as the SG) of Internet revelation and the identification of its main genre-forming features and features of the language embodiment. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that for the first time the texts functioning in Internet communication and containing anonymous expressions of their revelations, secrets and emotions are subjected to a systematic description. The relevance of the work is due to the growing popularity of such resources and the lack of representation of linguistic works on their study. The study of the SG of Internet revelation was carried out on the material of texts published on the website “Overheard”, as well as “Overheard from teachers” in the social network “VKontakte”. The work is done in line with communicative linguistics. When analyzing the material, the methods of linguistic description, discursive analysis were used, including the characteristics of extralinguistic factors and reflecting the functioning of the studied SG in the Internet. Pragmatic, media, structural-semantic and stylisticlinguistic parameters are considered in the description of SG Internet-revelation. The categorical features of the Internet Revelation SG are: anonymity, first-person narration, virtual space of communication, focus on a large audience, mediocrity and asynchrony of communication. The texts perform an informational function and are characterized by thematic diversity. The communicative goal of the studied genre is to receive or present information containing the author’s revelation anonymously in front of a huge audience. The means of linguistic embodiment are described, related to phonetic (onomatopoeic literal combination for expressing emotions), graphic (repetition of letters and punctuation marks, use of capital letters and dots, adding emoticons), lexical (colloquial, reduced, colloquial, evaluative vocabulary; figurative words and expressions ) and grammatical level (past tense verbs; adverbs of measure and degree; exclamatory and interrogative sentences, etc.), stylistic features of the texts (first-person narration; colloquial and written style that has the characteristics of Internet discourse, narrative and autobiography) are revealed. It has been proven that Internet revelation is a unique genre formation that has a certain composition, its own style, and a special linguistic embodiment. The proposed methodology for analyzing the speech language of Internet revelation can be used to describe other informative speech genres of Internet communication. Keywords: speech genre, Internet, revelation, Internet revelation, overheard | 89 | |||||
6653 | The article is devoted to the active processes in modern speech, such as massive spread of univerbated words and verbal nouns. These phenomena can be seen in various lexical forms derived with different suffixes. The data used in the article is verbal nouns derived with suffix -k- (vypechka, zapivka, moika, perenoska) and univerbated words with homonymous suffix (molochka, sotsialka, veterinarka, nulevka). These two groups of words are involved in active lexical and semantic variation processes. The data source is explanatory and word-formation dictionaries, The Russian National Corpus, latest fiction texts, colloquial speech recordings. Results and discussion. The lexicon dynamics is largely determined by two processes – on the one hand, by the wide expansion of verbal nouns with typical metonymic meaning transfer in this lexical group, on the other hand, by the extreme spread of univerbated words, especially in colloquial speech. The regular word-formation models correspond to regular metonymic meaning transfer. Univerbation as a means of folding multiple-word structures represents a compressive word-formation characteristic of colloquial speech. Lexical meaning dynamics is reflected in explanatory dictionaries that represent vocabulary of various historical periods. Some univerbated words are placed firmly in literary language (elektrichka, morekhodka, zachetka), as well as the other have recently appeared in colloquial speech (sanktsionka, udalenka). Lately appearing special dictionaries of univerbated words provide rich material for this phenomenon study both in synchrony and in diachrony. What is of particular interest is the use of verbal nouns and univerbated words with the homonymous suffix in modern fiction, where various forms of author’s reflection are observed. The conducted research has shown the communicative significance of two processes – the formation of verbal nouns and univerbated words with the homonymous suffix. The appeal to lexicographic publications shows a typical mechanism of lexical and semantic variation associated with the speaker’s desire to convey different thoughts concisely or to denote new realities with a single lexeme. Keywords: compressive word-formation, verbal nouns, univerbated words, metonymy, usus, language fashion | 86 | |||||
6654 | The transition to Industry 4.0 is one of the central objectives of the economic and social policy in Russia. This new form of the economy expands the field of human activity, which influences requirements for the competence of a specialist. Adapting to the new requirements of the labor market, universities are already beginning to introduce changes in various areas of their activities. The aim of this study is to identify the main activities of the universities of the Siberian Federal District (SFD) in the field of university transformation into University 4.0.To achieve the aim, the authors analyzed the works of Russian and foreign researchers devoted to the content of the university transformation into University 4.0. In addition, there is an investigation into open information resources of the leading universities of the SFD to establish the main activities for the transformation into University 4.0. The article reveals the essence and characteristic features of the University 4.0. The idea of University 4.0 refers to the transformation of education taking into account the needs and challenges of the digital society. Such transformation implies the introduction and development of individualized hybrid learning, not limited by time and space, in which the student has a sufficient degree of autonomy and participates in the formation of theirlearning plan. The authors note the importance of the project approach in teaching, the development of mentoring and an open educational environment. The analysis of the activities of the universities of the Siberian Federal District allowed to establish that currently research projects are actively developing in Siberian universities related to solving urgent global and regional problems, digitalization, informatization; involving students in research activities within the framework of these projects. The universities carry out the activities on these projects with the participation of industrial partners, state authorities and within the framework of international cooperation. Universities are developing digital environment that allows access to scientific, educational and infrastructural resources, as well as developing digital tools for mastering professional competencies. Despite the fact that many researchers consider University 4.0 a project of the future, we can already see serious changes in the activities of universities, which allow us to conclude that the transformation is taking place at an accelerated pace. Keywords: University 4.0, Industry 4.0, digitalization of education, digital university, higher education | 86 | |||||
6655 | Currently, the processes of globalization affect educational systems all over the world. Teaching of international students in Russian higher education institutions ensures establishing and strengthening of international bonds, contributes to the growth of the status value of Russian education, and also acts as a factor in improving the quality and effectiveness of higher education in our country. Thus, the organization of an effective and high-quality learning process for international students is a priority task of Russian higher educational institutions in all regions of the Russian Federation. The process of teaching international students at all stages should be organized taking into account their national-psychological, cultural, ethno-social characteristics. In addition, individual national-psychological and ethno-social characteristics can influence the speed and quality of the adaptation processes of international students to the new socio-cultural and academic environment of Russian higher educational institutions. It should be noted that in its turn, the educational space of Russian higher educational institutions is an environment that influences significantly the adaptation processes of international students from far-abroad countries, which is directly related to the academic success of international students. Therefore, a properly organized educational space of Russian higher educational institutions, taking into account the national psychological, cultural, ethno-social characteristics of international students, is an important pedagogical condition for their high-quality and effective professional training. Therefore, consideration of this issue is relevant and timely, which will allow to develop further the necessary recommendations for the teaching staff of Russian higher educational institutions on the organization of the educational process for international students from far-abroad countries. The purpose of the article is to summarize and describe specific national, psychological, cultural, ethno-social characteristics of international students from far-abroad countries (Asia-Pacific region, Southeastern Asia, Africa, Latin America, Arab countries of the Middle East). Academic novelty: the article combines the main national, psychological, cultural, ethno-social characteristics of international students from far-abroad countries (Asia-Pacific region, Southeastern Asia, Africa, Latin America, Arab countries of the Middle East). Keywords: national-cultural characteristics, national-psychological characteristics, socio-psychological profile, individual personal attributes, international students, higher education, speech communication, national communicative behavior, ethno-sociocultural features, academic adaptation | 83 | |||||
6656 | Brazilian playwright Nelson Rodrigues is the author of a very peculiar dramatic work, whose main characteristics are related to a poetics of the excess and a modernization of tragedy. There are two trends in his works: one that is closer to universal and mythical aspects of life, and another one that is closer to the historical and daily aspects. His own life was full of tragic events which made him feel that tragedy is a dimension that intrinsically belongs to humanity’s trajectory in this world. So the tragic sense of life was part of his world view and his philosophical conceptions. It was then natural that this tragic world view would be present in his literary creation at the several genres he explored, especially in his dramatic works. But his tragic approach is always mixed with melodramatic events and an excess of feelings, actions, and the grotesque, so that it frequently becomes comic at the same time. Nelson Rodrigues was influenced by both the high fine literature of the Western tradition and the subliterature of the beginning of the 20th century, and his mixture of them together makes up an original and very interesting creation. This paper fundamentally approaches the tragic as belonging to the playwright’s life — as well as his world vision — and also belonging to the works of Rodrigues by analyzing events in his, his readings, the opera and cinema techniques he was familiar with in order to reflect about their influences on his work, as well as to discuss formal aspects and subjects that make it possible to consider his dramatic works as belonging to the tradition of tragedy at the same time that he subvert and recreates the tragic standards in his own fashion. Keywords: Nelson Rodrigues, tragedy, tragic | 81 | |||||
6657 | The evangelical parable about the return of the prodigal son was repeatedly used as the subject of literary contemplation in the Russian classical literature of the 19th and the 20th centuries. The plot of the prodigal son parable is still popular in contemporary Russian literature. For example, the plot was originally interpreted in the novels “Number One, or In the Gardens of Other Opportunities” by L. S. Petrushevskaya and “Twins’ house” by A. V. Korolev. The central conflict “son – father” realized through key evangelical parable motifs of departure, return, forgiveness and love determine the issues raised in these works and their poetics. The analysis of these novels helps to distinguish various types of “dialogue” between contemporary writers and the evangelical text. L. Petrushevskaya inverts the plot of the parable, A. Korolev redefines the evangelical parable in a symbolic way. In general, the plot of the prodigal son parable is comprehended by the contemporary authors as a model for resolving the conflict of the generation gap, as a space for profound sacred meanings, and as a means of expressing the author’s genuine metaphor. The plot variants of the prodigal son parable explicate the meanings realized by the Gospel text on the “profane” and deep levels. Desacralized meaning of the parable can be reduced to the issue of ideal family relationships, which the contemporary writers yearn for and are trying to portray. The deep, Christian understanding of the parable is connected to the idea of the prodigal son’s resurrection understood as a discovery of a “new man” within himself. Number One in Petrushevskaya’s novel becomes the Hero, Valentin Drago of Korolev becomes the Personality. In addition, the evangelical motif of return in the contemporary works represents the authors’ genuine metaphors. The genuine metaphor in the novel of L. Petrushevskaya is the modern person’s acquiring his/her original identity, which is not related to material and hedonistic values. A. Korolev’s genuine metaphor consists in recovering the person’s subjectivity that had been lost because of the processes of standardization in modern society. Keywords: modern Russian prose, parable of the prodigal son, plot, motif | 79 | |||||
6658 | The relevance of the formation of the value attitude of adolescents to health is associated with the need of society for healthy, health-oriented students. Despite the considerable potential accumulated in domestic and foreign pedagogy in the field of theory and practice of introducing adolescents to health, an integral system of forming the value attitude of adolescents to health in the conditions of the educational process of the school needs to be created. As the analysis of scientific literature shows, at the moment there are no works that reveal the essence and content of the formation of the value attitude of adolescents to health based on the theory and technology of pedagogical stimulation in the conditions of the educational process of the school. Thus, there was a contradiction between the need to form a value attitude of adolescents to health and the lack of development of technology to solve this problem by means of pedagogical stimulation in pedagogical theory and practice. The purpose of the article is to reveal the technology of forming the value attitude of adolescents to health by means of pedagogical stimulation. Materials and methods of research. The theoretical basis of the study was the concept of pedagogical stimulation. The research methods used are the analysis of pedagogical theory and practice on the problem under study; observation of the activities and interaction of students and teachers in the process of pedagogical stimulation of adolescents, pedagogical experiment, questionnaires, methods of statistical data processing. The typology of adolescents in relation to health is substantiated: “inert”, “utilitarian realists”, “health-oriented”, “skeptics” and unacceptable, critical, permissible, optimal levels of formation of a value attitude to health; complexes of stimuli are defined, including leading and auxiliary stimuli in relation to representatives of typological groups of students; methodological instrumentation of the implementation of incentive complexes of adolescents’ value attitude to health. The article reveals the stages of implementation of the technology of forming the value attitude of adolescents to health by means of pedagogical stimulation; the results of the technology application are presented. In conclusion, it is concluded that the incentive of personal importance of health should be leading in the sum of other moral motivators. Keywords: value attitude, adolescents, health, technology, means of pedagogical stimulation, the educational process of the school | 79 | |||||
6659 | Globalization processes in the economy, the strengthening of political and cultural ties between states, the spread of the Internet and distance learning technologies, which marked the 21st century, contributed to the rapid growth of international academic mobility. In this regard, the issue of overcoming cultural shock and the problem of linguocultural adaptation of foreign students in a foreign language environment becomes especially relevant. To identify the difficulties that affect the process of linguocultural adaptation in the Russian-speaking educational environment, we conducted an online survey of foreign students studying at Tyumen State University (Tyumen). According to the results of the survey, the majority of foreign students has never heard of the theory of culture shock, but all the respondents we interviewed have experienced it to a greater or lesser extent. Among the main problems, the respondents mentioned the language barrier, problems of socialization, new climate conditions, unfamiliar food, etc. In such case overcoming the language barrier directly influences the effectiveness of the educational process. The peculiarities of the grammatical system of the Russian language, the auditory perception of Russian speech, word stress rules, fast speaking rate of native speakers, articulation of some sounds, semantic differences between synonyms present the most difficult issues for foreign students learning the Russian language. The research findings show that in order to adapt successfully to the foreign language environment it is necessary to know verbal and nonverbal means of communication and to use them correctly according to the situation or context, to have a positive attitude towards the interaction with native speakers, to strive to know the host culture better and avoid stereotyping, to be aware of the values and norms of the host society, to be tolerant towards the cultural identity of another ethnic group. In general, foreign students studying in Russia see the positive results of overcoming culture shock and characterise cross-cultural adaptation as invaluable experience which fostered personal growth and unleashed their full potential, gave them an excellent opportunity to acquire new knowledge and competencies. Keywords: culture shock, linguocultural adaptation, foreign students, language barrier, cultural distance | 78 | |||||
6660 | The online academic cheating (OAC) is widely discussed in academic circles of different countries. The present study was conducted after the second COVID-19 wave and therefore reflects the process of mass transition to online learning, which contributes to the originality of the research. The specificity of methodological approach is comparing the opinions of teachers and students, a total of 488 respondents answering online questionnaires. According to the data obtained, from 70 to 80 % of students resort to OAC. As a rule, students tend to use lecture and lesson materials for copying and peeking, contrary to the teachers’ perception of the use of electronic media. On detecting the deception, 57 % of teachers just admonish students, 39% deduct marks. One third of students believe that teachers tend to overlook fraud. Students report resorting to deception because of lack of confidence in their knowledge. Teachers believe that the reason lies in insufficient preparation for classes. From 50 to 70 % of respondents think that such forms of assessment as a spontaneous answer, free-source research and project work reduce cheating. According to students, individual creative tasks can be added to this list. The most important factor reducing cheating is intrinsic motivation (50-60% of students and teachers). Among the measures proposed by students to combat academic fraud, didactic methods are given the highest priority as well as students’ initiatives like the movement in social networks #iliketobehonest, whose icon is shown on a student’s screen in an online activity reflecting a conscious decision made by the student. Keywords: higher education, academic dishonesty, distance education, online assessment | 76 | |||||
6661 | Tendency to increase the role of the mass media addressee determines the importance of communication component in the structure and methods of organization of content. The paper considers ways to implement discursive monitoring in the process of telephone interaction between subjects of radio communication (leading musical entertainment and information and analytical programs and radio listeners). One of the main ways to satisfy the demand of the mass audience for the individualized presence in the media space is the formation of interpersonal discourses in the institutional discourse of the radio. This interpersonal discourses are virtual environments in which speakers (addressees) identify themselves with participants in socio-communicative practices and realize the socio-speech need for dialogue, recreational activities and self-actualization. Based on research in the field of mass media radio communication, discourse analysis and sociolinguistics, the author examines the ways of implementing discursive monitoring, which manifest themselves at the micro level (in repetitions, lexical echoes, replicas-requests, etc.). All this characterizes the moments of semantic and communicative intersections in the process of dialogue. The nature of the subject of the analyzed programs indicates the significant role of interactive dialogues with the addressee in the radio content. This suggests that for the organization of discourse, communicative mechanisms are needed to control the speech actions of the addressees who enter into a dialogue with the moderators. The specifics of the implementation of control can be traced in the realization of discursive rules and values that are unconscious by the communicants, but explicitly pointing to the effectiveness of control from the discourse. The situational-game model of interaction is characterized by attitudes towards a cooperative dialogue and parity of the positions of the communicants. Thus, the "power of discourse" manifests itself in two parallel plans for the development of the dialogic scenario. Communication from the position of the audience unfolds in the logic of mutually directed interaction, marked by lexical roll calls, repeated questions, etc. The visible dialogic effect within the boundaries of discursive regulations can be seen as the result of the efforts of the author constructing the dialogue based on the presumption of a mass audience, its interests and expectations. Ways of coordinating the communicative plans of authors and addressees (strategies, tactics) are considered in the aspect of the formation of the value-semantic space of communication, for the implementation of which the orientation towards communicative hedonism is of great importance. This is the speech activity of communicants, which has a recreational character. As a result of such game interaction, communicants enjoy actualization in the media space. The author concludes that communicative hedonism is the axiological dominant of the radio discourse, which is important for the implementation of both entertainment and information-analytical radio. Analysis of radio dialogues suggests that communicative hedonism is the basic mechanism for implementing discursive control. Keywords: discourse of radio, interactive communication, dialogue, communicative hedonism, discursive monitoring | 75 | |||||
6662 | Obtaining higher education is an important stage of human socialization. The aim of universities is to create such an educational environment that will allow all students, regardless of their educational needs and individual capabilities, to successfully solve the tasks of the corresponding stage of socialization. Equal access to education for all students, regardless of their diverse special educational needs and individual capabilities, including students with disabilities and disabilities, is designed to ensure inclusive education. Currently, higher education at Tsiolkovskiy Kaluga State University is received by persons 17 years and older, among whom there are students with disabilities, gifted students, representatives of different nationalities, cultures, countries and confessions, students from large and small cities of the world, near and remote settlements. All this actualizes the problem of creating an optimal inclusive educational environment at the university. Tsiolkovskiy Kaluga State University is actively working to create an inclusive educational environment, which is designed to promote the successful socialization of all students studying at the university. Inclusive educational environment is considered by us as a set of resources (means, external and internal conditions) that ensure the realization of the right of every person to education, including training, upbringing and personal development, and is designed on the basis of such principles as safety, saturation, accessibility, etc. The structure of the inclusive educational environment of Tsiolkovskiy Kaluga State University includes spatial-subject, organizational, technological, informational and social components. Each component has its own content. A special place in this structure is assigned to the Center for Inclusive Education. The Center for Inclusive Education, created at the University and designed to provide horizontal links between departments in matters of inclusive education, helps to eliminate inconsistencies in the actions of departments at the same level of hierarchy, which is generated by the strict hierarchy of the university’s Management model. The creation of an inclusive educational environment of the University is carried out in various directions, among which it is possible to highlight the improvement of the local regulatory framework, material and technical equipment, scientific, informational and personnel support for inclusive education, increasing the architectural accessibility of the university infrastructure facilities for students with disabilities, improving the quality of education received by students with disabilities. Modeling of the inclusive educational environment of the university is carried out by all participants of the educational process: administrative staff, teaching staff and students themselves, with the active participation of public organizations. Systematic monitoring of difficulties encountered by students, including students with disabilities in the process of admission and study at the University, allows you to determine the steps to overcome them. Currently, work continues to improve the inclusive educational environment of the university. Keywords: students, students with disabilities, inclusive educational environment of the university, components of inclusive educational environment | 74 | |||||
6663 | The article is dedicated to the memory of the famous Russian linguist, Doctor of Philology, Professor of the Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia Valentina D. Chernyak, her contribution to the history of Russian studies, functional lexicology, lexicography and Russian speech culture. Based on the analysis of the scientific and educational works of the scholar, the contribution of Valentina D. Chernyak to modern Russian studies and language education in Russia is discribed. The role of Valentina D. Chernyak as a scientist, teacher and organizer of scientific activities is shown, her creative scientific connections with scholars of the Russian Language Department of Tomsk State Pedagogical University are noted Keywords: Valentina Danilovna Chernyak, Russian philology, lexicology, lexicography, Russian speech culture | 73 | |||||
6664 | The article represents the selected results of the research aimed at the actualisation of the system of the future mathematics teacher’s preparation in the system of the higher pedagogical education and designing a methodological system for training a future subject teacher in the context of the development of individualization of teaching mathematics.The presented methodological system of training students studying in specialized pedagogical programs of bachelor’s and master’s programs is a subsystem of the general system of training a teacher of mathematics at a university, has a complete structure, includes target, content, methodological, effective-evaluative and motivationalpersonal components. The target component is considered to be a backbone in the constructed methodological system of training a future mathematics teacher, and it is the component that determines the result of mastering the educational program in its entity as the target competency model of the graduate. Under the current regulations for the design of higher education educational programs, there are uniform requirements in terms of competencies (UC and GPC) corresponding to the level of education in general or to an enlarged group of training areas. The selection of specialized professional standards and the determination of the corresponding professional competencies, on the formation of which the educational program should be focused, assumes the author’s approach of the developers of educational programs and falls within the competence of the educational organization exclusively. Universities that train teachers have the right to include professional competencies aimed at individualizing mathematics education for students in special educational categories, including schoolchildren with high-level mathematical abilities in the graduate competency model. Such a target structural element corresponds to a special labor function established by the professional standard of aneducator, aimed at the developmental activities of the teacher. In the course of the study, the goals of methodological preparation of a future mathematics teacher to work in non-standard conditions with special categories of students requiring the organization of individualized training were determined. Approaches to the formation of a target competency model of a graduate in the constructed methodological system for training a future mathematics teacher are substantiated. The article presents the results of approbation of the proposed target competence model on the basis of Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev (hereinafter referred to as OSU named after I.S. Turgenev) within the framework of a two-level (bachelor’s degree, master’s degree) teacher training system. The approaches to building the target component of the methodological system for preparing a future mathematics teacher proposed in the paper are based on the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of general education and are determined by the request of the modern school for the teacher who knows the methods and technologies of individualized mathematics teaching. The constructed methodological system is designed to solve the objective contradiction between the need for such teachers and the generally accepted methodology for preparing a mathematics teacher in a university, the reference point of which is the “ordinary, average” student. Keywords: individualization of teaching mathematics, goals of training a future mathematics teacher, professional competencies, methodological competence, competency-based model of a graduate | 69 | |||||
6665 | When highlighting the concept of “personal activity” as an indicator of professional mobility, which is interpreted as readiness and adaptability to work under changing conditions based on the development of new forms and types of actions, the article describes a conventionally reflexive system of teaching methods of a modern teacher, which guarantees the formation of a teacher’s skills independently compose and evaluate teaching methods in a changing digital educational environment. The features of the proposed system of teaching methods are highlighted using a paradigm approach, taking into account the study of the status of the “teaching method” as a learning goal in the “Modern” educational paradigm. This status of the method in the context of teacher training allows us to indicate two classes of methods: methods of teaching and methods of organizing educational and cognitive activity. The essence of the specification of the methods of each class in the system of teacher training is determined by the property of autologicality (that is, the need to describe oneself). For the considered property, four main signs (characteristics) of manifestation have been established: the presence of an autological goal, fixing cause-and-effect relationships for using the method in a specific methodological system, studying cause-and-effect relationships for using the method when transforming the model of a specific methodological system, formulating a value judgment about the appropriateness of applying method in a certain methodological system or pedagogical situation. Endowing the property of autologicality with the selected characteristics of the content and procedural essence determines the link between knowledge and methods of activity, which is key for professional pedagogical education, allowing to activate professional (functional) literacy, qualitative characteristics of the personality, as well as the positive psychophysical mood of students. These competency components are included in the profile of “ability to understand and act”, considered as the basis of professional mobility. Achieving the didactic completeness of the presented conventional-reflexive system of teaching methods is determined by the formation of the teacher’s ability to independently compose teaching methods and methods for organizing educational and cognitive activities in a digital educational environment. As a means of forming this skill, a “learning-cognitive expert system” is proposed, which contains software support – a generator for disaggregating teaching methods and an expert block filled with methods of conventional role-playing reflection. Within the framework of using the proposed system, the formation of a selected skill can be carried out in three stages. In the paradigm terminology, the “educational-cognitive expert system” is, in fact, an element of the “value setting” of a particular “Modern” paradigm. The metaphysical part of this paradigm is given by the digital educational environment. Keywords: paradigm approach, disciplinary matrix, conventionally reflexive system of teaching methods, autological teaching method, professional mobility, ability to understand and act, educational and cognitive expert system, digital educational environment | 67 | |||||
6666 | In the existential aspect, the modern world is characterized as BANI-world (Brittle, Anxious, Nonlinear, Incomprehensible).The reasons for this characterization are the factors of rapid obsolescence of specific knowledge, the accelerated change in the technological structure of society, the risks of environmental, energy and epidemic crises, the emergence of artificial intelligence and trainable neural networks, the large consequences of small (at first glance) events in science and public life. In such circumstances, there is a tendency to move from pragmatic pedagogy to analytical pedagogy, which contributes to the formation of conceptual pedagogical thinking. It differs from the standard-performing one in that it is aimed at a deep understanding of the meaning and essence of the fundamental principles of planning and implementing the ideas of scientific research. This path requires the development of the methodological apparatus of general pedagogy and its application in dissertation research. The purpose of the study was to substantiate the system-contextual approach in the study of pedagogical processes and educational technologies in the changing world. The source materials for the review of literature in pedagogical periodicals and in open access to the Internet were the abstracts of dissertation research along with publications in the field of the theory of pedagogical systems, forms of contextual education, environmental and other approaches in pedagogy, the theory of systems and research methods. The paper uses methods of comparative comparison of the content of publications and frequency analysis of the use of terms in them using the online open access service “Semantic text analysis online, seo-analysis of text”. A model of the pedagogical system, the dominant of which is the control unit, is proposed, which allows us to consider the system as educational. The system-contextual approach, conceptually integrating the theoretical model of the pedagogical system, the forms of contextual learning and the environmental approach in pedagogy, has been substantiated. It is concluded that a full-fledged analysis in pedagogical research requires the use of a system-contextual approach in complementary consideration of pedagogical processes of various scales and levels in inseparable connection with the context in which the processes are implemented. Keywords: pedagogical system, contextual learning, environmental approach, pedagogical design, educational system context, open pedagogy | 66 | |||||
6667 | The purpose of this article is a comprehensive research of the leading scenario motifs system in the Russian folksong subspace, where kinship terms are qualified as basic concepts; establishing their connection with secondary concepts verbalized in folk songs. The scientific novelty lies in the identification and elucidation of the linguistic and cultural content of conceptual (scenario) motifs with reference folkloremes – kinship terms in the folk-song text as a special genre, characterized by expressiveness achieved through various linguistic lexico-grammatical techniques, metaphorisation. As a result of the conducted research, it is proved that in the Russian folk-song subspace, the terms of kinship, which have acquired the status of folkloremes and nuclear units of the East Slavic folklore dictionary, are key elements of conceptual scenario motifs. They are contextually fixed, metaphorical, accompanied by a number of traditional symbols – astral, presentive, ornithological, plant, animal, etc. Scenario motifs reveal the figurative and semiotic, cultural nature of folk-song folklore. The study showed that in folk song contexts with family themes (both ritual and lyrical), the functioning of kinship names (folklore) is a representation of cultural universalism in the modern Russian cultural ethnos. The images of birth (rodimyj) father (batyushka) and birth (rodimaya) mother (matushka) are linguistic and cultural codes connected by verbal associations with the symbolic space and national stereotypes formed over a number of centuries. The conceptualisation of the social motivation of nuclear family members relations is reflected in the oppositional notions verbalizers “Rodnoj–nerodnoj” (“Related by blood – not related by blood”), “Svoj–chuzhoj” (“Friend–stranger”), “Radost’–gore/pechal’/toska” (“Joy–sadness/sorrow/longing”), “Proshchan’e–vstrecha” (“Farewell – encounter”) and other similar ones. At the same time, there is an implicit opposition between the images of lyrical female protagonist relatives (father, mother, brothers, sisters) and the images of her husband’s family members (father-in-law and mother-in-law), actualised by fixed folk-poetic associations. For the mutual understanding between generations, folk-song folklore is perceived as an intellectual and cognitive factor that preserves the idea of a traditional Russian family, and a factor of empathy, sympathy, causing an emotional and mental response to what is heard or read. Keywords: concept, scenario motif, folkloreme, folk-song subspace, kinship terms, word-symbol | 66 | |||||
6668 | The journalistic picture of the world is changing rapidly, reflecting the dynamics in the life of society. The purpose of this article is to identify the dynamics of the journalistic picture of the world using the example of headline complexes of various texts in Tomsk newspapers of the 60s of the XX century and 2007 of the XXI century. The research material is 150 header sets of texts from Tomsk newspapers of different themes, structure, genre features, and functions. The study was carried out on the material of the periodicals “Red Banner” (1962), “Young Leninist” (1965), “Pravda Ilyicha” (1962), “Tomsk News” (2007), “Tomsky Vestnik” (2007). A comparative and contrastive analysis of the titles in publications of Tomsk newspapers of different years and the use of semanticstylistic and contextual research methods make it possible to judge the dynamics of the journalistic picture of the world. The analysis showed that the titles of texts in Soviet-era newspapers were always associated with the propaganda of the party’s ideology. This reflected the communist pathos of all publications, regardless of the topic. The titles were examined in terms of their structure, genre features, themes and functions. First of all, the dynamics are observed in the topics of publications. The social system, social environment, ideology, and the needs of the audience cannot but influence the content and form of newspaper and journalistic texts, which is reflected in the titles. The changes are especially noticeable at the lexical level. In the past, ideologemes were actively used, the language of newspapers was standardized, normalized, and journalists used only literary vocabulary. Journalism in 2007 is full of occasional words, colloquialism, jargon, slang, etc. The dynamics are also noticeable at the functional level. In Soviet times, the main functions of headlines in newspaper texts were information and propaganda. The titles of the publications fully fulfilled their functions. The ideology of the Communist Party did not allow the others to be fully realized. They existed, but were poorly represented. Journalism at the beginning of the 21st century is characterized by the dominance of the advertising function. The 2007 header complexes contain a large number of elements indicating an advertising function. It is worth noting that the identification of the functions of heading complexes is directly related to the features of the journalistic style, such as information content, open evaluation, expressiveness, advertising and propaganda (in periodicals of the Soviet era). Keywords: journalistic picture of the world, discourse, media discourse, heading complex, Tomsk press | 66 | |||||
6669 | The problem of organizing mathematics teaching that promotes understanding of information, particularly mathematical information, has always been in the focus of attention of specialists from different fields of knowledge. There are different types of understanding: understanding-recognition, understanding-hypothesis, understandingunification. Psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of understanding include motivation to understand information; active position of the subject in working with information; taking into account the peculiarities of the formation of notional thinking; the presence of context to convey the semantic load of information; the use of different ways of coding information, including subject experience and metaphors; actualization and development of general intellectual skills. Knowledge of the psychological and pedagogical foundations of understanding learning information significantly increases the methodical culture of the teacher, allows him to think methodically, constructing the content of education and selecting teaching methods. When training a future teacher of mathematics, it is necessary to pay attention to the problem of constructing developmental educational texts that promote understanding of mathematical information. Constructing developmental educational texts is an integral methodological unit, which allows to demonstrate such methodological skills as understanding the problems arising in the study of educational material, identifying the psychological and pedagogical reasons for their occurrence, predicting possible ways of preventing arising difficulties, realizing the need to improve existing approaches to teaching,the search for psychological and pedagogical foundations of methodological activity, analysis of existing practices of constructing educational texts from the point of view of their possibility in the formation of learning actions that promote understanding, development of author’s materials, analysis and discussion of the obtained results, adjustment of methodical activity. The results of the conducted research with students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics have shown that the development of methodical thinking is influenced by the actualization, reconstruction and enrichment of professional experience of working with mathematical information from the point of view of psychological and pedagogical foundations of teaching learning material, as well as familiarization of future teachers with productive teaching practices aimed at understanding learning information. The conducted research allows us to conclude that purposeful teaching of general problems of teaching mathematics from the point of view of psychodidactic approach increases methodical culture of future teachers of mathematics and contributes to the development of methodical thinking. Keywords: methodical thinking, understanding of educational material, psychodidactic approach to teaching mathematics, developing educational texts | 64 | |||||
6670 | The first scientific information about Mongolian geographical objects was received by N. M. Przhevalsky, G. N. Potanin, M. V. Pevtsov, V. A. Obruchev and a number of other scientists. Russian and Soviet scientists, based on a wide range of long-term studies, made a unique contribution to the study of the geography of Mongolia, and Mongolian researchers also played a significant role. Based on the latest research in the history of the country, E. M. Muzaev identified 4 stages in the history of research. Based on this, O. Namnandorj and Sh. Tsegmid identified two large periods in the geographical study of the country: pre-revolutionary and post-revolutionary. The periods they singled out characterize the emergence of national researchers whose research during these periods had different goals, results, and directions. The victory of the people’s revolution in Mongolia laid the scientific foundation for the development of educational content for the study of the geography of Mongolia. At this point, it is important to make a brief review of the first 100 years of the history of the development of the methodology and teaching of geography. In the 1990s, Mongolia moved to a new political system and these changes were a constant theme in all sectors of society, including education. Since then, structural, organizational, technological and educational changes have taken place in the education sector. Among these areas, the renewal of curricula is a key factor in changing the education system. In this regard, learning objectives are being revised, new core curricula, standards, textbooks and support materials are being developed, and pedagogical methods, assessment systems and the learning environment are being improved. In connection with the transition to a 12-year system of general education, new basic curricula, textbooks and teaching aids are being developed. Since the beginning of the 2015–2016 academic year, a new curriculum in geography has been used. The article focuses on historical changes in the geography curriculum, comparative studies of old (2012) and new (2015) curricula (structure, content, continuity, interconnection, etc.); the result of the study is presented. The research methods used are analysis of primary sources, comparison and induction. Keywords: curriculum, core curriculum, curriculum history | 60 | |||||
6671 | By order of the Academy of the Ministry of Education of Russia, which coordinates the work of a unified federal system of scientific and methodological support for teachers and management personnel, we developed information and analytical materials on the problem of psychological and pedagogical interaction between teachers and families of pupils as the basis for the content of educational programs. The aim was to generalize the experience of developing information and analytical materials and substantiate the information and analytical approach to the design of educational content in the system of scientific and methodological support for class teachers. When implementing the information-analytical approach, we used the following methods: information diagnostics of the array; implementation of bibliographic procedures; highlighting the list of keywords and types of scientific and methodological developments; compilation of information maps, taking into account the list of keywords and types of scientific and methodological developments; cataloging scientific and methodological developments. As a result of information and analytical work, the bibliographic list on the topic “Effective technologies of psychological and pedagogical interaction with the student’s family” includes 302 sources that meet the criteria of relevance, importance of information, completeness of information, complexity and, in aggregate, highlight the stated problem both in terms of theoretical analysis, description technological approaches, and in a practice-oriented way, reflecting the best pedagogical experience. According to the results of an expert assessment, the annotated catalog includes 127 sources. The catalog is intended for placement in an electronic environment. The catalog contains the name of the development, keywords, type of development, annotation, information about the source, access to the development. The abstract reflects the most significant information contained in the source, gives a recommendation regarding the use of the development in the design of programs of additional professional education. The abstract can be considered as an independent piece of educational content. As a result of the study, we found that the information-analytical approach allows presenting the most valuable and relevant information in the form of ready-made developments, indicating their appropriate use in the system of scientific and pedagogical support for class teachers, which makes the design of educational content more technologically advanced and meaningfully balanced. The theoretical significance of the study is the integration into the theory and technology of additional professional pedagogical education of a new way of developing educational content based on the use of an annotated thematic catalog. The practical significance of the work lies in the creation of an independent information resource – an annotated catalog on the topic “Modern technologies for the interaction of the class teacher with the family of students” and the possibility of its use for designing programs for teachers’ additional professional education, in university practice in the preparation of pedagogical and psychological-pedagogical specialists, as well as for self-education of class teachers and their quick search for professionally significant information. Keywords: interaction between teachers and families, advanced training, educational content, annotated catalogue, information resources | 59 |