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6601 | The need of society to train the qualified specialists in the field of architectural environment design serves to form thisThe need of society to train the qualified specialists in the field of architectural environment design serves to form this sphere as a professional one in 21st century. The emergence of the latest technologies and materials leads to the fact that many naming units of this field are borrowed with the culture-bound term and experience of foreign designers. The relevance of the work is the need of studying the foreign language terminology due to the professionals’ necessity to unify it. The purpose of this work is to describe the phenomenon of xenogenicity in the terminology of “Design of architectural environment”. Xenogenicity refers to the presence of a language unit of formal and/or semantic correlation with the equivalent of a foreign language. The material for the study was the foreign-language namings of the field “Design of architectural environment”, selected from such sources as terminological and encyclopedic dictionaries, educational and scientific literature, and professional Internet resources. The methodological basis of the article is the general scientific and linguistic means of descriptive and lexicographic methods. The scientific novelty of the work is due to the fact that terminological units of foreign language origin that are not recorded in lexicographic sources have been identified and analyzed, current materials of professional Internet discourse have been introduced into scholarly discourse. In the course of the study, there were analyzed architectural and design terms containing foreign-language components located at different language levels: phonetic-graphic, morphemic, lexical, syntactic. Terms with foreign language elements of the phonetic-graphic and lexical levels of the language demonstrate full explicit xenogenicity. The phonetic-graphic level of xenogenicity is represented by foreign-language inclusions, lexical borrowings represent xenogenicity at the lexical level. At the morphemic level incomplete xenogenicity is demonstrated in borrowings with partial morphemic substitution and in hybrids (words consisting of the elements of different origin) as well as in derivatives formed on the basis of the foreign-language units. Implicit xenogenicity is found in non-original architectural and design terms, which appeared as a result of loan translations at the lexical level and phraseological calques at the syntactic level. Complex (explicit-implicit) xenogenicity is characteristic of word-formation and phraseological half-calques, respectively, at the lexical and syntactic levels. Dictionary entries of professional terms for sphere “Architectural environment design” are given as exemplification of the various types of xenogenicity. It is found out that the lexical units of architectural and design terminology have xenogenicity of different degrees: full and incomplete explicit xenogenicity as well as implicit and combined explicit and implicit xenogenicity. The largest number of lexical units express xenogenicity explicitly. The practical significance of the article lies in the possibility of using its materials in lexicographic practice. Keywords: architectural and design terminology, architectural environment design, borrowing, xenogenicity, the Russian language | 171 | |||||
6602 | Non-homogeneous (polycode, polymodal, multimodal) texts have long become part of modern communication (both media and official business). The requirement for mandatory communication of official authorities, public and party organizations with the population in a virtual environment has given rise to official portals of regional governments, ministries at various levels, and city administrations. These virtual objects are institutional because they have a discursive orientation, specific means of information transfer and communication design. The communicative-activity approach is applicable to the texts contained on the official portals of the city administration (in this article we are talking about the virtual portal of the Administration of Omsk Omsk. rf, located at: https://www.admomsk.ru/web/guest/main). The purpose of the article is to evaluate the ways of transmitting information, organizing communication with different age and social groups of the addressee in terms of the manifestation in them of visual, verbal, multimodal regulators that implement communicative and cognitive models of the virtual institutional environment. Material for this study: texts posted on the virtual portal of the administration of the city of Omsk (Omsk. rf.). The research methodology includes two stages: 1. Evaluation of visual, verbal, multimodal regulators, their communicative orientation in terms of expressing communicative and cognitive models of the virtual institutional discursive environment; 2. Identification of texts aimed at certain social and age groups of addressees, establishing their informational, semantic, communicative, cognitive composition as an environment for forming the image of the addressee and addressee. The main results of the analysis of the form and content of the portal showed the following. The portal structure includes a typical navigation frame with a fairly simple system of linear vertical and horizontal links. The content level is represented by interconnected verbal and visual components. Their different ratio in different parts of the content, the quality and quantity of inhomogeneous units is due to the goals of the section (transmission of information / impact on the emotive, aesthetic sphere of the addressee), the relevance of the information contained for the addresser and addressee. The communicative and cognitive levels form verbal and visual communicative and cognitive models that convey a predominantly regional formation, affecting the emotional sphere of an addressee that is indefinite in social, gender, age terms - a city resident, establishing an interactive connection with the latter. The communicative-activity approach to a non-homogeneous text of an institutional type - the official portal of the Administration of the city of Omsk, showed a variety of means of communication (visual and verbal), one-sidedness of communication, typical for virtual objects of this level. The method of designating a collective addresser is indicated in the name of the portal through an indication of ownership (portal of the Administration of Omsk), corresponds to the legal norms of institutional discourse. The category of the addresser is specified at the factual level in the part of the portal “Administration” with the help of the Mayor’s personal page, description of the Mayor’s office, legal grounds for activity, etc. The addresser’s communication is focused on a regionally limited collective addressee - residents of Omsk (Omsk). Less often, the addressee is limited by territory, age, social group. The category of the addressee in the texts of the portal is expressed by indirect means - the names of age social, gender and other groups and their representatives in the headings of the content and within the texts that fill it. Special appeals to an indefinite addressee are single, associated with current events in the city, weather, etc. The structure of the horizontal-vertical links of the portal’s navigation frame, the “duplication” of the content components in the header and footer parts direct the addressee’s attention to the hyperlinks he needs, ensuring comfort and utility of perception. But the titles of these hyperlinks do not reveal the impactful (emotive, expressive, aesthetic) strategies that are found in a number of pieces of content. They are implemented using a variety of static and dynamic infographics, they are found only after opening a hyperlink. The leading means of polycode, polymodal, multimodal implementation of the informing strategy are the thematic, logical, plot-compositional levels of the content of the portal as a whole, texts in its parts. The nominations of hyperlinks and the leads of the texts contained in them, together with the photographs accompanying the links, perform the functions of attracting the reader’s attention and informing. The portal contains a multifaceted system of regulators due to the multimodal nature of this virtual object. The system includes: explicit visual (horizontal) regulators that attract and localize the attention of the addressee with the help of color, size, location in the space of the portal interface, creating contrast, meaning a certain topic, problem, information or supplementing it; visual vertical regulators associated with calls for specific actions; visual hidden regulators (photos, infographics - photo report, photo report, photo story, photo tour, performing the functions of influencing the emotional and aesthetic spheres of the recipient’s perception; diagrams, graphs, drawings, tables, performing the functions of concentrating a large amount of information, illustrating, simplifying perception), the existence of which is found only after opening hyperlinks; explicit verbal horizontal and vertical regulators that nominate sections of content, hyperlinks, etc., conveying mainly information and through it by lexical, stylistic (a combination of neutral, special and colloquial vocabulary), digital, graphic (font, underlining, color highlighting) means that implement “anchoring” the attention of the addressee; polymodal regulations (video about the professional activities of employees of the City Administration, the mayor, city utilities). Keywords: non-homogeneous texts, polycode text, multimodal text, communicative, structural, semantic, cognitive organization of the text, communicative-activity approach, regulative, institutional discourse | 168 | |||||
6603 | Literature for children is a whole layer of Komi literature, which is little studied today. There are critical articles that reveal the thematic and figurative originality of poetic works for children, but there are no separate works in which the poems of Komi poets would be considered from the point of view of their subject organization. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the approach to the analysis of N. Shchukin’s poems from the point of view of their subjective organization. Based on the analysis of literary material, it was established that in his work the predominant forms of expression of the author’s consciousness are the lyrical hero and the subject-poetic world. The Komi poet’s children’s poetry is characterized by such a lyrical hero, which reflects both the childish and adult beginnings, but with the obvious dominance of the adult. A lyrical hero is a person for whom childhood impressions become memories in adulthood. The fact that the adult beginning prevails in the poems is indicated by the time factor: the unity of the present with the past is reflected through the verbs. The lyrical hero occupies a certain, but not dominant position. In N. Shchukin’s children’s poetry, the subject-poetic world becomes the main form of expression of the author’s consciousness. A feature of the poems is that the poet in them, with the help of colors, focuses the attention of young readers on discovering the simple and discreet beauty of the northern nature. However, the use of metaphorical animation of natural phenomena, the use of verbs and the sound orchestration of works create an image of an unusual, fabulously magical wildlife, which makes it possible for children to feel, feel and hear the world around them. The poetic world as a way of expressing the author’s consciousness in N. Shchukin’s children’s lyrics is also manifested in poems based on artistic techniques of the folklore genre form – riddles. In this poetic work, objects are given in bright, expressive, but at the same time, details understandable to children, correlated with his life experience in his native land. Keywords: N. Shchukin, Komi literature, children’s poetry, lyrical hero, poetic world, landscape, riddle poems | 168 | |||||
6604 | The article provides a description of the professional path of the Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor of the Tomsk State Pedagogical University Rumbeshta Elena Anatolyevna. The scientific activity of the scientist-teacher in the field of theory and methods of teaching physics is covered. The activity of a talented teacher, who proved himself as a teacher-mentor in relation to students and teachers of physics, is presented. For more than forty years Rumbeshta E. A. was a leading teacher of methodological disciplines of innovative courses in teaching physics at a university and school. She worked as a physics teacher, supervised pedagogical research at schools and universities in Tomsk. She connected students to research activities, the result of which was practice-oriented term papers, theses and scientific articles on the methodology of teaching physics. Rumbeshta E. A. the educational and methodological complex of the main discipline “Methods of teaching physics” was updated: a system of methodological training of students in studying a school physical experiment was developed, lectures with general and particular questions were published, many scientific and educational works were published based on the results of the work of a teacher-researcher. The active position of Elena Anatolyevna regarding the improvement of the training of teachers and highly qualified personnel is reflected, her initiatives that have been developed in the educational environment of Tomsk are given. Active activity in the scientific and educational center of pedagogical research in physics and mathematics education is revealed, scientific cooperation with colleagues from Russian and foreign universities is described. The results of the activities of Elena Anatolyevna as a scientist and organizer at the Center of the DFMiENO in the preparation of teacher-researchers in the framework of work with problem-creative groups of teachers are presented; organization and holding of the All-Russian scientific-practical conference “Teaching natural sciences, mathematics and informatics at the university and school.” Keywords: physics teacher training, theory and methods of teaching physics, problem-activity approach, physics experiment | 167 | |||||
6605 | The development of rural schools as the main group of Russian general education organizations has led to the task of forming a modern human resource with not only subject-specialized competencies, but also readiness for professional activity in the field of psychological and pedagogical support of the educational process, including means of digital didactics, organization of the process of self-improvement, etc. Professional development, the formation of pedagogical skills of a teacher in modern conditions of school in rural areas is possible only through his continuous education. One of the stages of formal continuing education for teachers of rural schools is a master’s degree. The purpose of this work is to systematize scientific ideas about the mechanisms of organizational and pedagogical support for the preparation of teachers to work in a rural school by means of a master’s degree of a pedagogical university. In the article, by means of theoretical analysis, the scientific knowledge about the peculiarities of rural schools in the conditions of modern complex structural changes is systematized, the specifics of the professional pedagogical activity of this group of teachers are highlighted. The position is proved that one of the mechanisms of professional development of a rural school teacher is a master’s degree with a specialized educational program. On the basis of historical and pedagogical analysis, a systematics of the leading mechanisms for supporting the professional development of a rural school teacher is proposed (including scientific and methodological, organizational and pedagogical, etc.), technologies, forms of its implementation (tutoring, curatorship, mentoring, etc.), the concept of organizational and methodological support of the educational process as the activity of actors in the design and implementation of interaction between subjects is introduced (students, coordinators, teachers), by means of the developed complex organizational and methodological activities aimed at improving its effectiveness. The content of organizational and methodological support of the educational process developed for undergraduates of Tomsk State Pedagogical University is analyzed. The implementation of this master’s program, including the author’s model of organizational and methodological support, will effectively solve both the tasks of training new professionals for the modern system of rural education, and create conditions for the formation of future researchers in the field of rural school pedagogy. Keywords: a teacher, pedagogy of a rural school, mechanisms for supporting the professional development of a teacher, organizational and methodological support, master’s degree of a pedagogical university | 166 | |||||
6606 | Functional literacy formation is a new educational result of Primary education, fixed in the federal state educational standard (new edition). Functional literacy is based on subject and meta-subject results. Basis for achieving subject and meta-subject results is shaped in 1–4 grades. Therefore, the relationship between a functional literacy formation process and a subject and a meta-subject results achievement is a relevant problem. Research group of the Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University identified meta–subject co-ordination and interdisciplinary integration as conceptual foundations for the functional literacy formation at a primary school. Extracurricular activities provide time resources for meta-subject coordination and inter-subject integration. Functional literacy formation at the primary school can be considered a result of students’ proximal development zone since functional literacy has traditionally been studied as an educational result of adults and youth. Consequently, primary school students’ functional literacy formation is possible if it is based on an individualized teacher and students’ interaction in actual and proximal development zones. The individualized interaction acquires significance in inclusive classes for mental retardation children and children without developmental disorders. The fact that the same action methods correspond to students without developmental disorders actual development zone and mental retardation students’ proximal development zone specifies this kind of training. The purpose of the research is to work out theoretical grounds, to develop an extracurricular activities program, to study materials for the course, and to conduct an experimental verification based on the studied difficulties in mastering the primary general education program by mental retardation children and children without developmental disorders. The research contributes to the relationship development between general and inclusive education. The research specifies an individualized interaction technology between a teacher and students in the areas of actual and proximal development. The effectiveness of this technology has been proven. The practical significance of the research lies in the fact that the developed course and a set of study materials for it can be used in other educational organizations that implement primary general education programs. Keywords: functional literacy, meta-subject results, interdisciplinary integration, primary school student, individualization, mental retardation children, children without developmental disorders, extracurricular activities | 163 | |||||
6607 | Both pedagogical and methodical concepts are used to reflect the genesis (formation and development) of the teacher’s professionalism. Their essence, correlations and hierarchy have not yet received proper analytical coverage and scientific justification. There is no exact answer to the question of what methodical concepts designate and reflect the highest level of teacher’s professionalism. This study is devoted to the generalization and comparison of methodical concepts and categories that characterize the professionalism and quality of the methodical training and teaching activities of a teacher. The purpose is to summarize the most accurate definitions of the ranked methodical concepts that reflect the genesis of the teacher’s professionalism and to determine the level hierarchy of methodical concepts that designate the corresponding categories in this genesis. The following methods were used: analysis of scientific literature and dictionaries; study of the demand for methodical concepts on the Internet, ranking, generalization. The research material included dissertations, educational literature, scientific articles. The following methods were used: analysis of scientific literature and dictionaries; study of the demand for methodological concepts on the Internet, ranking, generalization. It was revealed that among the Russian-language methodological concepts that reflect the genesis of the teacher’s professionalism, the main ones are “methodical culture” and “methodical competence”. “Methodical competence” forms the basis for “methodical mastery” and “methodical culture”, which are connected with “methodical creativity”. The level hierarchy of methodical concepts reflecting the genesis of the teacher’s professionalism was determined. The basic level includes “methodological literacy”, “methodical knowledge, skills, abilities”. At a higher level are “methodical competence”, “methodical outlook”, “teacher’s beliefs”, “methodical creativity”. The concepts of “methodical thinking”, “methodical culture”, “methodical mastery”, “methodical credo” reflect the highest level of teacher’s professionalism. Keywords: teacher’s professionalism, genesis of teacher’s professionalism, methodical concepts, methodical competence, methodical mastery, methodical thinking, methodical culture, methodical credo | 163 | |||||
6608 | The article reveals the features of the concept of “culture of sustainable development of the personality of a school and university graduate”. The choice of the topic of the article is due to the accumulated experience, scientific research in the formation of a culture of sustainable development. The purpose of the article is to reveal the theoretical and methodological foundations for the formation of a culture of sustainable development as a special quality of the individual and the socio-cultural value of society. Among the theoretical research methods were used: analysis of pedagogical, philosophical, sociological literature, legal documents, discourse analysis; among the empirical methods were analysis of pedagogical experience, pedagogical experiment, observation, survey methods (questionnaires, conversation), statistical processing of results. The essential foundations of the concept of “culture of sustainable development of the individual” are revealed. The features of building an educational community for sustainable development are shown, taking into account the components (value-motivational, creative-activity, cognitive-systemic, emotional-behavioral), content modules included in the disciplines of the humanities and natural sciences. Examples of the implementation of project tasks are given, taking into account the possible transformation of the content, forms, methods, technologies of the educational community, depending on the goals of sustainable development. The formation of a culture of sustainable development of school and university graduates is built taking into account the modernization of the content and activity components of the educational community, aspects of the integration of formal, non-formal and informal education. Keywords: sustainable development goals, culture of sustainable development, student of school and university, model of sustainable development of the educational community | 158 | |||||
6609 | The vocabulary of any language is updated from time to time. The mass media contribute quite effectively to this process, especially in the field of word formation. One of the ways of word formation in the language of French journalism is blending, which seeks not only to emotionally influence the recipient, attracting his attention to events, but also to use speech means economically. French newspapers aimed at a wide range of readers served as the material for the study. The empirical base of the study was formed by using the means of random sampling. Based on the research work of John Algeo, who studies the means of forming telescoped words in English, the study made it possible to identify and compile a typology of telescopic lexical units used in the language of modern French journalism: 1) lexical units obtained by merging complete initial components; 2) lexical units with truncation of finite elements of the first initial components; 3) lexical units with complete coincidence of individual elements of the initial components and their overlap; 4) lexical units with the finite element truncation of both initial components. The analysis of the vocabulary of each type by lexical meanings, morphological features and grammatical categories made it possible to develop the models of French blend words. In all models, parts of speech expressed by nouns, adjectives and verbs are involved in the process of merging. The first type of blend formations includes a model based on the combination of two nouns, which, as a result, give a new word, also expressed by a noun. The most widespread model in the language of the French journalism is the second type, with the truncation of the second element of the first component of the initial lexical units. Five models of telescoped units have been registered in this type. The components of these word formation models are nouns, adjectives and verbs. When two words expressed by a verb merge, as a result of addition the suffixes ment/age, a telescoped word expressed by a noun is formed. The third type of telescoped words includes a model that connects adjectives and nouns. In this case, the middle part of the newly formed word is a complete coincidence of the two initial components. The fourth type is characterized by two models: the first of them is based on the creation of a noun due to the combination of two verbs, and the second includes terms formed from Greek components. Keywords: information space, blending, telescoped units, word-play, word formation | 157 | |||||
6610 | In the process of formation of the modern system of Russian education, one of the most urgent problems is the problem of staffing complex structural changes in this sphere of society. In a multicultural context and the modern educational paradigm, the most important issue is the preparation of a school teacher. The article systematizes scientific knowledge about modern educational outcomes (hard-skills, soft-skills, self-skills), provides a rationale for the concepts of over-subject and personal skills. Separate innovative ideas in the field of organization of the educational process in modern universities are systematized: –skills), in the vertical plane – subject-specialized and professional skills (hard-skills); V-model of higher education, aimed at creating conditions for the formation of creative specialists with the skills of continuous self-development (self-skills); 2) elements of methods for the formation of soft-skills among students, including those related to various methods of motivation, organization of the communication process, the use of specialized teaching aids, emotional intelligence skills, etc. a process aimed at developing various educational outcomes for students (hard-skills, soft-skills, self-skills), etc. Based on the experience of Tomsk State Pedagogical University, the article proposes a substantiation of the process of forming the professional and personal skills of students of a pedagogical university by means of a reflexive-activity approach as a theoretical basis for designing mechanisms that ensure the development (self-development) of the potential of a subject capable of self-determination. It seems logical to develop the personal skills of students in terms of their striving for the emergence of the determination of their own position in any problem situation. Keywords: education, future teacher training, self-skills, self-determination | 157 | |||||
6611 | The article deals with the difficulties associated with the spelling of geographical names. The spelling problems of writing toponyms that are available at the present stage of language development are identified, which are associated with a large number of geographical names with different structural organization, and with the influence of extralinguistic factors on the spelling of the toponym. In addition, the difficulties of applying some of the current recommendations on the spelling of toponyms are revealed. The object of the study is the distinction between continuous, hyphenated and separate spelling of toponymic units. The “Rules of Russian spelling and punctuation” recorded in the reference book are analyzed. Complete academic reference book” spelling rules that govern the spelling of a toponym; at the same time, the signs underlying the named rules and the difficulties associated with their application are revealed. Based on the results of the analysis of the linguistic content of spelling rules, an attempt is made to create a procedure for determining the choice of a continuous, hyphenated or separate design of a toponym. The proposed algorithm is based on the algorithmic course “Russian Spelling and Punctuation” by A. B. Selezneva, which is used at Volgograd State University when studying the spelling of the modern Russian language. The algorithm is divided into four parts and has a hierarchical structure, that is, the solution of the spelling task is performed from simple to complex: first of all, it is proposed to determine or exclude features that affect the spelling of a word, which, as a rule, do not cause difficulties, and then move on to identifying more complex criteria. The last stage involves working with units for which there are no clear recommendations, that is, toponyms that do not comply with the current language norms are analyzed. The content of the rules governing the choice of toponym spelling is included in the formulations of the spelling tasks of the algorithm, which involve the identification of formal elements in the structure of a geographical name, the location of the components that make up a linguistic unit, and the presence of certain word-building elements. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that in the presence of unresolved problems of spelling of toponyms associated with the specifics of geographical names and, as a result, with their codification, a clearly structured algorithm for distinguishing between continuous, hyphenated or separate spelling of geographical names is proposed. Keywords: orthographic norm, toponym, orthogram, merged spelling, hyphenated spelling, algorithm | 157 | |||||
6612 | The article examines communicative mimicry. Different opinions as to its nature are compared; differences in researchers’ approaches to it are defined, on which basis the author concludes that communicative mimicry can be seen both in a narrow and in a broad way. In the first case we speak only about the unconscious adaptation, adjustment to the interlocutor’s verbal behavior without any prejudice to one’s own verbal identity, while in the second case such mimicry is a conscious communicative strategy, a verbal mask, the goal of which is to influence the interlocutor by means of manipulation. The basis of the speech mask as communication strategy is the need to adapt to the interlocutor depending on the specific situation of communication. The author notes that in the linguistic sense, mimicry – is a process of adaptation and ability to adapt. At the same time people have varying degrees of ability to adapt, which depends not only on the level of communicative competence, but also on the purpose of communication, as well as the identity of the interlocutor. The analysis of the linguistic material leads us to the conclusion on two views of the communicative mimicry: the authors recognize that the ability to adapt is important and necessary, on the other hand they fear that someone else’s imitation washes away one’s own uniqueness and personality’s individuality. Comprehending the phenomenon of communicative mimicry, writers define such goals as 1) a desire to please, 2) a necessary condition for corporate communication, 3) for an effective manipulative influence. Keywords: communicative mimicry, speech mask, communicative strategy, manipulative influence, speech behavior | 156 | |||||
6613 | The semantics of the image of a rose considered in the researches dedicated to the semantics of flowers has mythological roots. 67 verses by Tsvetaeva, from her early works to 1925, contain the image of a rose. The research purpose is to reveal the dynamics of semantic and stylistic features of the word-image rose expressed in a plural form (roses) analyzing lexical structure of the text. The poems containing this image have a lot of aesthetic differences. The research material includes 41 verses, from the early works to 1925. The texts are selected from Dictionary of the Poetic Language of M. I. Tsvetaeva. Philological analysis is based on the theories of M. N. Kozhina and N. S. Bolotnova. The authors consider the texts chronologically, which allows them to follow the dynamics of semantic and stylistic features of the image in different periods. The authors use the periodization developed by O. G. Revzina. In the collection of verses The Evening Album, roses express semantics of beauty and love; they are associated with a bright unreal space, with the image of a crown, the motif of martyrdom, sacral topics. The image of roses becomes a detail of stories and portraits. In the collection Youthful Verses, the word roses is, mainly, a detail of a portrait. Besides, the image of roses in this period is tied to the topics of death and writing. In the poems of 1916–1919, roses are an aesthetic element of sketches, a detail of the plot; they characterize the images considered by the heroine and have an evaluative function. The lyrical subject generalizes her feelings associating roses with the retrospection considered by the heroine in a new period of her life. In the theatrical 1918, Tsvetaeva often uses the plural form roses in dramatic sketches. The image of roses is developing as a vivid detail. In 1919 the image of roses has a descriptive function in genitive metaphors and a comparison with the semantics of strength, energy, and love. In the verses of the 1920s, the image of roses is associated with the topics of writing, talent, and a special role of the poet. The topics of love, writing, being are interrelated and expressed in the verses until 1925. In the poems where the image of roses expresses the topic of unrequited love, roses become a symbol of love as the beginning of life; being loyal to love is a great sense and a heavy burden. The image of roses, compared with the early verses, becomes deeper in the semantic aspect, more metaphorical and symbolic; Tsvetaeva often includes it in the expressive constructions typical for her. Keywords: semantics of flowers, idiostyle of M. I. Tsvetaeva, communicative stylistics of the text, lexical structure of the poetic text | 154 | |||||
6614 | High school students should acquire the knowledge and skills comprising the culture-specific language competence at foreign language classes. It is an important component of modern school education aimed at the development of a linguistic personality ready for communication in a multicultural multilingual world. The aim of the research is to develop teaching materials which can be used at classes or as extracurricular activities by English teachers on the basis of the analysis of the culture-specific language competence components and approaches to its development. The material for the developing of theoretical positions was scientific papers on the main directions of this study and educational-methodical manuals used in the process of teaching English in high school. Empirical research material is the book “Alice in Wonderland” by L. Carroll which served the basis for teaching materials elaboration to develop students’ culture-specific language competence. In the course of the research, the methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, systematization and generalization of scientific and methodical literature, modelling English classes and experiential learning are used. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the clarification of content and structure of the culture-specific competence, peculiarities of its development in high school and justification of the cultural and historical epoch context introduction necessity while working with a literary text. The culture-specific language competence is considered as a combination of a theoretical and processual-activity components including target language country realia, corresponding language units, history, culture, traditions and customs and the ability to employ this knowledge in order to bridge the language barrier and communicate effectively. The study of the culture-specific language competence development principles and approaches has resulted in formulating guidelines for foreign language teachers. For example, language and culture acquisition must happen inseparably; it is essential to employ various authentic texts and exercises, cultivate respect for native and foreign cultures, devote enough time to oral speech skills development. The practical value consists in the developed training materials based on the book “Alice in Wonderland” by L. Carroll which can be used by other teachers. Keywords: culture-specific language competence, culture, communication, principle, approach to teaching, authentic text, foreign language | 150 | |||||
6615 | The article analyzes the communicative and cognitive components of a dialogue that induce one of its participants to repeat what has been said and preliminarily reflect this fact in the form of a modus of repeated speaking. The study was carried out on the material of responses of the main corpus of the NCRN to the queries “once again to you”, “once again to you”, “once again to you”, “once again to you”. Except for cases of positive phatic (e.g., “thank you again”), such repetition of information by one of the dialogue participants is due to a communicative failure in the past, for which the speaker attributes responsibility to the interlocutor. The pragmatic prerequisite of such repetition is also the fact that the speaker attributes to himself a status not lower than that of the interlocutor. The cognitive basis of failure in the article is recognised as uncertainty of information, which can be removed or lowered as a result of understated (variant) repetition. It is shown that semantic varieties of uncertainty correlate with the intents of repetitive speech acts. For example, a repeated representative reduces the degree of incompleteness of knowledge or corrects the addressee’s misinterpretation of the information from the speaker’s point of view; a repeated directive and a repeated commission are initiated by an uncertain forecast regarding the further development of events. Repetition can be realised both in the interests of the speaker (imposing his interpretation of the events under discussion) and in the interests of the addressee (clarifying his ideas about the subject of speech). The theoretical significance of the study consists in clarifying the markers of the status positions of the participants of dialogues; the evaluation of the effectiveness of utterances with the explicated modus of repetitive speaking can be used in the practice of teaching communicative disciplines. Keywords: modus of repeated speaking, information repetition, communicative failure, uncertainty, intension | 150 | |||||
6616 | The word “province” is associated with a variety of meanings, starting from the literal (the territory of the state) and ending with metaphorical (stagnation, backwardness, lack of education, etc.). These meanings were formed around the “province” and accumulated in the Russian speech consciousness mainly through the efforts of fiction of the XIX century. Thus, from a lexeme with a specific direct meaning, the word “province” was transformed into an abstract concept, concept and myth. This study is an attempt to reconstruct, describe and systematize all meanings based on the materials of the “National Corpus of the Russian Language”. The focus of the article is only those meanings that are associated with psychological or existential states. Among the mentions of the word “province” and its derivatives, 108 cases were identified in which the context of describing feelings was contained. All cases have been studied. The analysis resulted in 13 meanings reflecting the idea of the province in terms of psychological and existential states: longing/boredom; uncertainty, dependence; loss of self and abilities; fear/horror/anxiety; shame; sadness/sadness; despair; loneliness; madness; apathy; lack of freedom; peace; freedom. It turned out that in the literature of the XIX century, mainly negative connotations accumulate around the concept of “province”. Few positive meanings (peace, freedom) refer to the sentimentalist tradition, appear during the decline of the “noble nests” and Slavophile aspirations to purify the idea of the Russian province from negative meanings. Negative psychological or existential ones are caused by: a) the province’s lack of its own identity and, as a result, self-assessment from the position of the Other (uncertainty, dependence on authorities and the “metropolitan”, fear/ horror/anxiety, shame); b) the direct immersion of provintsials in an eventless provintsial life (longing/boredom, sadness/sadness, despair, loneliness, apathy, lack of freedom, insanity, loss of oneself and one’s abilities, motives for sleep and death). Keywords: province, provintsiality, concept, National Corpus of the Russian Language, Russian literature of the 19th century | 147 | |||||
6617 | Nowadays the line between the mediagenres has become increasingly blurred. For this reason genre hybridity is an important and relevant feature of media texts. This paper focuses on description of the features of the genre structure of TV quiz show, which determine genre hybridization. The major objective of this study is to investigate types of hybridity. The research material is outlets of the Russian quiz shows “Clever girls and clever boys” and “What? Where? When?” on Channel One. We consider TV quiz show speech genre as communicative event intellectual game realization. Hence, we draw on Borisova I. N. communicative event conception and linguopragmatic method. According to linguopragmatic method, within the scope of our discussion are the communicative situations of the game, corresponding to its stages, and the role relations of communication partners, including situational-role variation of speech. The results indicate that quiz show is a very clear example of hybrid media genre. Quiz show has such types of hybridization as genre, discursive, polycode and polytext hybridity. Genre hybridity is due to hypergenre nature of quiz show which implies the inclusion of a number of subgenres in its structure. Discursive hybridity is a result of the combination of sports, judicial, didactic and entertainment discourse. Polytext hybridity is the combination of precedent texts and the use of stylization. Polycode hybridity is characterized with the interaction of various sign systems. In summary, hybridization of quiz show determines manifestations of new genre features, such as a trend towards symmetry of communication and intimization; tendencies to role variation of the television anchorman’s speech; trends towards polylogue use; stylization trends. The scientific novelty of the research is putting to use the new notion “discursive hybridity”. Keywords: discourse analysis, media discourse, speech genre, hybrid genre, quiz show | 143 | |||||
6618 | The purpose of the study is to analyze foreign language teachers’ views on distance education (DE) in the period that is defined now as post-COVID period; on the optimal ratio of the online and offline forms of education; on main difficulties while shifting to hybrid format of education; on the changes in quality of life among teachers and in their emotional state. The anonymous answers of 120 foreign language (FL) teachers served as a basis for the research. They answered questions in the online survey. It was found 46 % of FL teachers have fully adapted to the distance teaching, but 39 % of the surveyed work remotely with great reluctance. Half of the respondents believe that online learning is effective only in combination with full-time education. For 63 % of teachers, the main difficulty of online teaching is the accumulated physical and psychological fatigue. The optimal ratio of offline and online classes in a blended learning format in order to achieve its greatest effectiveness is 50–70 % of offline classes. Teachers perceive the advantages of online learning in the more rational use of their working time (40 %), the possibility of combining it with other work. Distance learning affects the health of teachers. The received results are recommended to use for the review of teachers’ workplace conditions in online as well as in blended learning with the aim to upgrade the quality of their professional activity in blended or distance learning. The research that is based on the empirical data would be useful for specialists in digitalization of the educational system. Keywords: distance education, foreign language teaching, pandemic, language teachers, COVID-19, post-COVID era, teachers’ health | 143 | |||||
6619 | The article is devoted to the problem of teaching listening comprehension for interpreting purposes in translation-oriented foreign language training based on its specific character and related difficulties. Listening comprehension plays a vital role in consecutive interpreting as it involves listening to and analysing the content and message of the source text and accounts for a large number of difficulties that affect the process and the quality of consecutive interpreting. The aim of the present study was to identify the skills essential to listening for translation purposes which, however, pose significant challenges to trainee translators starting a senior phase of their professional training (year 3). The development and practice of these skills should be made an integral part of translation-oriented foreign language training. The participants were 3rd-year full-time translation students (29) enrolled on a 5-year translation training programme. After listening to a recording in English and reproducing it in the same language, the participants were asked to comment on the problems and difficulties they encountered; the teacher also monitored the participants’ performance during the listening and reproduction task. The data revealed (a) some specific obstacles mentioned by the participants which hampered the complete and profound understanding of the recording and (b) some deeper underlying problems identified by the teacher. Based on these observations, we identified four groups of difficulties caused by (a) the students’ approach to the perception of the text, (b) factors hindering the perception of information, (c) the topic and the characteristics of the information in the text, (d) psycholinguistic factors. However, the key problem is believed to be the students’ approach to the perception of the text, i.e., their inability to perceive a text as a complete structural and semantic unit which can cause or exacerbate other listening comprehension difficulties. To address this problem, we proposed a number of recommendations and professionally oriented learning activities which have proved effective in developing the skills required for listening comprehension for interpreting purposes. This effort can ensure continuity between language and interpreting courses and provide a solid basis for teaching consecutive interpreting. Keywords: consecutive interpreting, translation-oriented foreign language teaching, listening comprehension, source text | 140 | |||||
6620 | The article is of review-theoretical nature and contains an analysis of the works of linguists and representatives of other branches of humanitarian knowledge, who have contributed to the development of the problems of language and linguistic existence of personality, first – in the new digital space, and second – outside the metropolis in the field of strong influence of other linguocultures. The aim of this paper is to formulate a definition that most relevantly characterizes the current state of such an object of contemporary discursive research as network diaspora discourse. In the section «Network discourse: approaches to research» against the background of related terms and concepts the choice of the term network discourse is justified, its broad and narrow understanding is described. The narrow understanding of the term is characteristic of the discursive approach to the analysis of speech communication with the emphasis on the following characteristics: realization in social networks, informal communication of users united by a common interest, the possibility of free access to it. In the section “Network discourse of diaspora communities” the formation and maintenance of the network collective identity is outlined as one of the priority missions of any Internet community, such phenomenon of modern reality as digital diasporas is defined, and the modern Russian-speaking digital diaspora is presented as a network community united by the Russian language and the collective task of sociocultural adaptation in a new country. Network diaspora discourse is a special kind of texts of network communication of representatives of diaspora communities, immersed in the situation of reception and interpretation of various aspects of foreign reality. Diaspora network discourse always has a specific linguistic embodiment (Russian-speaking, French-speaking, etc.) and can be presented both as a universalia in the form of network speech interaction of the global community of speakers outside the metropolis, and as a set of local variants-uniques in the form of network s peech interaction of diaspora communities of specific countries and regions. Keywords: network diaspora discourse, digital diaspora | 140 | |||||
6621 | The active cooperation of countries in various spheres of life leads to a constant demand for the translation of normative documents, including international treaties regulating the procedure for interaction of the countries. An international agreement is a legal document and refers to the official business style, the features of which are accuracy, clarity, and lack of ambiguity. A characteristic feature of the style in English is the large number of modal verbs having several meanings that sometimes cannot be expressed by modal verbs in Russian. The translator faces the difficult task of choosing translation units suitable for adequate translation of the meaning of the modal verb. The aim of the study is to determine the ways of translating modal verbs from English into Russian in legal texts through identifying the factors by which the translator can determine the meaning of a modal verb in a specific context and correlating them with the adequate variants of translation into Russian. The research is based on an international treaty between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Indonesia in the law enforcement sphere using such methods of linguistic analysis as descriptive, comparative, and quantitative. The most frequent modal verb in English treaties is shall; may is in second place; other modal verbs are found, but extremely rare. Modal verbs are translated into Russian by: a verb in the present tense; a verb “может”; a contracted form of an adjective “должен”; an adverb “необходимо”. When translating modal verbs into Russian, it is necessary to take into account many factors: the requirements of the functional style of speech; shades of the meanings of modal verbs and their function in the sentence; the context specifying the meaning of the modal verb; the norms of the translation language. Keywords: modal verbs, legal translation, translation strategies, grammatical features of translation, translation of international treaties | 139 | |||||
6622 | Currently the government of Russian Federation provides a lot of resources for the educational system in general and for training of teaching staff, in particular. These spheres are one of the key aspects for development today. Thus, the Concept of Teaching Staff Training for the System of Education prior to 2030 (June, 24 2022) was established and adopted to increase the quality of higher education in Russia. This Concept implies mainstreaming of information and communication technologies in the system of education in Russia. It is necessary to underline, that the process of digital transformation takes place not only in the system of education but in various spheres of life, in economy, medicine, to name a few. This trend includes partial or full transition to digital media which simplify social processes that cannot always undergo offline. It became vivid during the period of pandemic when the world had to switch over to distant communication. Educational establishments address the possibilities of electronic educational environments combining educational content of various forms (text, video, audio materials). Electronic educational resources are in open access; students may practice any time from any place in case of the Internet accessibility. Whereas teachers have an opportunity to update the educational content systematically and stay in tune with students’ requirements, applying approaches of individualization and humanization of the educational process. The authors of the study highlight special features of using electronic educational courses. This paper introduces advantages and disadvantages of electronic educational courses’ application in teaching staff training for foreign language classes in terms of electronic educational courses “Foreign Language 44.03.01”, “Practice of speaking and writing (English) Semester 1”, “Lingvocultural Studies and Country Studies”. Keywords: teaching methodology, foreign language, teaching staff, digitalization, information and communication technologies, electronic educational resource, electronic educational course | 138 | |||||
6623 | The current level of development of electronic technologies requires a change in the educational process in higher education institutions and the optimization of students’ independent study time. The increase in the amount of information and the share of independent work of students, the educational process, in which the teacher is the only source, and the student is considered as a “passive” object of knowledge, lead to the search for new educational technologies and requires a transition to student-centered learning. According to the degree of use of e-learning in the educational process, online learning and blended learning are distinguished. Blended learning is a combination of online learning with face-to-face learning, the integration of traditional forms with electronic technologies. The aim of the article is to develop and implement a methodology for improving the effectiveness of practical classes in a blended learining environment of the higher education system. The study is being used to observe and analyze the process of teaching science, mastering theoretical and practical knowledge, tests and tasks through an online platform, non-traditional olympiads, interviews, questionnaires, statistical processing of test experiment data, graphical presentation of results, and other methods. The project (www.blededlearning.uz), included in the state register of the information exchange mechanism for the teaching staff of the university was created and implemented, proposals and recommendations were developed. Based on the analysis of theoretical and scientific-methodical literature, the components of a mixed education system in higher educational institutions are determined and are based on the theoretical and methodological aspect and the improvement of the stages of the introduction of mixed educational technologies in the organization of work practice in higher educational institutions. The technique to improve the efficiency of practical classes in a blended learining environment of universities has been developed. Scientific and methodological guidelines and recommendations have been developed in order to improve the quality of practical training in higher educational institutions by introducing a mixed learning model, providing the necessary pedagogical conditions in the educational process. Blended learning models are being improved, communication is being strengthened between professors and teachers of the Informatics department of higher educational institutions, the experience in the field of science is being exchanged, the level of students’ knowledge is being determined, online tests, didactic materials and methodological support are being provided. Keywords: blended learning model, traditional education model, independent learning, online learning, rotation station, flipped classroom | 138 | |||||
6624 | The comprehension of the lessons and consequences of the Civil War in Russia is under the close attention of historians and philosophers; numerous works of fiction by writers of different ideological and aesthetic ideas are devoted to the national catastrophe in the fate of the country. Despite the fact that the journalism of the Civil War is huge, a special and less researched layer in it consists of articles and egodocuments of writers. The subject of this research is L. Andreev’s comprehension of the most important events – the revolutions of 1917 and the Civil War in Russia. The writer’s journalistic articles published in the Socialist-Revolutionary newspaper “Russian Will” (1917–1919) make it possible to trace the evolution of his perception of key events in the history of Russia of the twentieth century. In the articles of the first half of 1917, L. Andreev is inspired by the events of the February Revolution and seeks to convey this state to readers. With the change in the political situation in Russia by the middle of 1917, the tone of the writer’s articles also changed. Andreev fears the possible death of Russia due to a change in the vector of development of the revolution, so he resorts in his articles to the struggle of the word – beliefs, appeals and slogans to encourage his readers to continue the struggle for the freedom of the country. The death of the writer in 1919, when the Civil War was already underway on the territory of Russia, but was of a local nature, and the main events of 1919–1920 were still ahead, allows us to speak only about the writer’s foresight of the future tragedy in the history of the country. However, the evolution of the views of Leonid Andreev, an authoritative writer who became a symbol of the 1905 revolution, will be close to many representatives of the creative and scientific intelligentsia in Russia. As the study showed, in their articles of 1917–1919 Andreev foresaw and emotionally and passionately sought to prevent the onset of fratricidal war. Keywords: L. Andreev, journalism, newspaper “Russian will”, First World War, revolution, Civil War | 138 | |||||
6625 | The concept of love is one of the key concepts in N. A. Zabolotsky’s lyrics. Outstanding manifestation of the concept of love researches noticed in the late poet’s lyrics, however, in the early period of creation, in the cycles “City columns” and “Mixed Columns” the concept of “love” is also in the picture but used for the main writer’s idea to show the spiritless and spoiled world of NEP, that’s why it acquires unusual forms of verbalization and peculiar content. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of the content and ways of representing the concept of “love” at the early and late periods of N. A. Zabolotsky’s creativity. The article represents the results of the analysis of N. A. Zabolotsky’s poems of different years, including the concept of “love”. Biographical, semantic-stylistic, contextual, comparative, as well as conceptual methods are used, which allow revealing the features of the content, representation and perception of the concept of “love” in N. A. Zabolotsky’s lyrics by the reader. The analysis of the poems made it possible to identify and formulate the features of the content and structure of the concept of “love” in the lyrics of N. A. Zabolotsky. The difficult period of New Economic Policy had an affect at his creativity: in his first cycles “City Columns” and “Mixed Columns”, author creates an inverted, “turned inside out” world in which love exists only as animal passion and immorality. There is no woman as an object of love in this world, there are only “either sirens, or girls” and “women”. In the later period, due to N. A. Zabolotsky’s passion for philosophical ideas, the concept of “love” was modified both in terms of content and in methods of representation. In the later period, due to N. A. Zabolotsky’s passion for philosophical ideas, the concept of “love” was modified both in terms of content and in methods of representation. A woman and a wife comes to the first level as an object of love, and feeling becomes deep and pure. The analysis of stylistic, linguistic and artistic features of N. A. Zabolotsky’s lyrics of different years allowed us to formulate the peculiarities of the transformation of the concept of “love” relative to the early and late periods of creativity. Keywords: concept, art concept, language element, associative-semantic area, stylistic method | 133 | |||||
6626 | Modern kickboxing imposes high demands not only to the technical, physical and tactical training of athletes, but also to their moral, volitional and mental qualities. Nowadays there is a necessity to develop the athletes’ ability to quickly analyse the situation in a competitive fight, to switch from defensive actions to attacking and conversely. This is associated with the formation of appropriate personal qualities (courage, determination, purposefulness, responsibility) and strengthening the educational component in the training process. The aim is to substantiate the experimental methodology of education of courage of young kickboxers, engaged in the school of Olympic reserve, and to reveal its influence on the quality of sports training and education of moral qualities. Analysis of theoretical sources with a description of research on athletes in individual and team, cyclic and acyclic sports (sports training) and research on cadets of the Military Department and the Department of Internal Affairs (professional-applied training), as well as analysis of practical experience of coaches-teachers of kickboxing in sports complex “Start” (Tomsk). The problem of research was stated, consisting in the lack of modern methods of education of courage of kickboxers 11–12 years old, engaged in a sports school of Olympic reserve. The content was also substantiated and the effectiveness of the experimental methodology was experimentally confirmed. The results of its implementation in preparation of kickboxers of the experimental group showed that the changes of effects in all control trials at the end of the experiment were significantly higher and statistically reliable comparing to the results of kickboxers of the control group, which didn’t have any statistical validity. The development of courage of young kickboxers is favourably influenced by increasing the degree of difficulty of performing training exercises, which is realized by means of additional equipment and the introduction of complicating conditions. The results of the pedagogical experiment allow us to conclude that there is a correlation between the rates of courage development and the activity rate of young kickboxers in a competitive fight. Keywords: education methodology, courage, activity, young kickboxers, sports school | 130 | |||||
6627 | The article is devoted to the study of the work on the formation of student initiatives in pedagogical universities. The main contradiction that was revealed in the course of the study suggests that with a high scientific interest in initiatives in the process of both professional activity and vocational education, including pedagogical, their essence in teacher training has not yet been sufficiently studied. In addition, the forms, types, and potential of generating initiatives of future teachers in the space of a pedagogical university have not been sufficiently studied and systematized. The purpose of this study was to clarify the concept and types of pedagogical initiatives at the theoretical level, to identify and analyze the features (forms) of working with the initiatives of future teachers in pedagogical universities of Russia, to determine the degree of generation by universities of pedagogical initiatives of students. The research material was: scientific and pedagogical literature and information from the websites of 34 pedagogical universities of Russia, documents of competitive professional events. In the course of the research, such methods were used as: analysis of scientific literature; observation of the practical activities of pedagogical universities; content analysis of information from university websites as a formalized method of studying textual and graphic information of the site, followed by its translation into quantitative data and its statistical processing. The analysis of historical and scientific literature related to the initiative activity of students of pedagogical universities allowed us to identify the definition of initiative as the moral quality of a person, her ability to express advanced, creative ideas in active activity, as a measure of activity and a way to encourage new expressions. The “enlarged groups” of initiatives were identified: socio-pedagogical, professional-pedagogical, intellectual-cognitive, the meaning and forms of implementation of the selected initiatives when working with students were determined and the features were considered. As part of the study, the analysis of the presentation of various types of initiatives by pedagogical universities on the official websites of educational organizations was carried out. A site analysis map was compiled and statistical calculations of the types of pedagogical initiatives of students were made based on the collected data. Keywords: future teachers, pedagogical university, student initiatives, professional initiatives, pedagogical initiatives | 126 | |||||
6628 | This article is devoted to the study of word order rules at the level of actual division of the sentence in Russian and Persian languages. The study and comparison of the communicative structure of Russian and Persian sentences, as well as word order rules at this level of the sentence, is relevant not only in the theoretical aspect, but also in the practical one, including to increase the efficiency of the formation of foreign communicative competence of students studying these languages as foreign ones, and also to improve the quality of translation from Russian into Persian and vice versa. The objectives of our research are to analyze and compare the actual division of a sentence, methods of its expression, as well as to identify the features and word order rules at the level of the communicative structure of a sentence in the languages under study in a comparative aspect. This study shows that there are correspondences and differences in the features and word order rules in the communicative structure of sentences between the languages under study. Both languages in neutral speech have the same patterns in the order of the components of the actual division of a sentence: the theme is always expressed at the beginning or towards the beginning of the sentence, and the rheme follows the theme and stands at the end or towards the end of the sentence. However, in expressively colored speech, each of these languages has its own specific features. This problem is associated with typological differences in the morphological structure of the Persian and Russian languages. Components of a sentence in the Russian language as one inflected language can, depending on the style, speech situation and purpose of the author, move in the sentence. Thus, in expressively colored speech when the author’s purpose changes, the word order in the communicative structure of the sentence also changes, since the movement of thought from the actual information to the initial information is reflected, the rheme is at the beginning of the sentence and the theme is expressed after it, in fact, actual information precedes initial information. In addition, based on the analysis of word order in the Russian language, we can say that the direct and inversion word order is associated with the function that these components of the sentence perform in the theme-rheme relationship. In other words, studying the rules of word order at the level of the actual division of the sentence in the Russian language allows us to identify the features of the syntactic (formal-grammatical) and stylistic structure of the sentence. However, Persian is considered a language with constant word order in a sentence, and there is no inversion word order at the level of the actual division of the sentence. In this language, contrary to the Russian language, initial information (theme) always in both neutral and expressively colored speech is expressed at the beginning of the sentence and the actual information (rheme) always follows it and comes at the end of the sentence. Keywords: Persian language, Russian language, sentence, actual division, word order, inversion, theme, rheme | 124 | |||||
6629 | Home Life in Russia (1854) is a distorted translation of Nikolai Gogol’s Dead Souls, aiming mainly at forming a negative image of Russia and its people. The original key idea of spiritual rebirth is replaced by that of Russia’s moral inferiority to Britain, shifting the focus to the present, originally subordinate to the past and future. The article examines how the original temporal imagery transforms in the novel. Home Life in Russia and Dead Souls are examined using comparative, cultural-historical and hermeneutical methods. The now specified present moves from the 1830s to the 1840s, helping to accentuate everyday problems as opposed to the existential ones. The characters originally serving as anthropological models (Krivonos) become (ethno)social types. They are said to reliably demonstrate the current state of Russian society, depicted as barbaric, backward, and morally decayed while also full of ambition, enterprise, and the urge to acquire. In general, each of the characters strongly resembles the original one, but the most significant indications of their potential spiritual rebirth, both implicit (the landowners) and explicit (Tchichikoff), disappear from the text. This notably reduces mentions of the characters’ future and past, allowing them to escape the dead(ly) present. These changes occur both in the plot and narrative. Tchichikoff and Plyushkin, connected both in the original by the prospect of their spiritual rebirth and in Home Life in Russia by the finality of their fall, transform the most noticeably. Transforming or omitting the depictions of the characters’ past and future, the author reduces them to the image they have in the present. Each of them becomes a static, complete picture in the newly created gallery of morals. Keywords: Gogol, Dead Souls, image of the future, free translation | 124 | |||||
6630 | The notion of in-equivalent vocabulary stands for culture-specific lexicon units in a source text considered impossible to render into target language without more or less significant losses. Although, there exist a number of translation techniques aimed to facilitate understanding of such words for foreign readers. Each of such techniques can be correlated to two opposite strategies of domestication and foreignization, thus enabling to measure the degree to which translators managed to recreate culture-specific component in translated text. The purpose of the research is to analyze the specific features of in-equivalent lexicon units translation in four English versions of “The Golden Calf” novel by I. Ilf and E. Petrov. The research is based on 320 in-equivalent lexicon units in five text sources: 1) И. Ильф, Е. Петров. «Золотой телёнок» (1931), 2) The Little Golden Calf (transl. Ch. Malamut, 1932), 3) The Complete Adventures of Ostap Bender (transl. J.H.C. Richardson, 1961), 4) The Little Golden Calf (transl. A. Fisher, 2009), 5) The Golden Calf (transl. K. Gurevich, H. Anderson, 2009). The methods applied are general scientific (observation and description) and linguistic (text analysis, comparative analysis). In-equivalent lexicon units in “The Golden Calf” novel, set against the background of intensive formation of new Soviet lexicon, includes several classes such as sovietizms (32% of all in-equivalent units), objects and phenomena of everyday life (18%), words of foreign origin (14%), historical words (12%), phraseological units (10%), jargon and dialect words (10%), folklore words (3%), and nonce-words (1%). The comparative study of translation of the given classes of in-equivalent vocabulary in analysed English versions of “The Golden Calf” reveals the methods preferred by each interpreter. More often the authors used the techniques of description and approximate translation; less popular were the methods of hyponymic translation and calque, with the restribution of meaning as the least favorable method. Matching the techniques of in-equivalent lexical units translation to foreignization and domestication strategies makes it possible to declare that the most foreignized is Ann Fisher’s version while the most domesticated one – the translation by K. Gurevich and H. Anderson. Keywords: in-equivalent lexicon units, “The Golden Calf”, translation techniques, domestication, foreignisation | 120 | |||||
6631 | Technological development not only unites people all over the world, but also opens the way in the educational field. As an assistive tool, social networks provide natural communication and exchange of information, provide teachers and students with educational resources, services for developing materials and organizing training, as well as creating an educational environment in the form of virtual communities for interaction, where teachers and students actively participate in the learning process, where teachers simultaneously act as consultants and participants in communication. The purpose of the study is to study the perceptions and attitudes of undergraduate students at Vietnamese universities towards developing Russian speaking and writing skills through social networks outside the classroom. The scientific novelty of the study lies in considering the ability to use social networks as an auxiliary tool for learning the Russian language in Vietnam. The theoretical basis was provided by scientific and pedagogical works on the research problem. The following methods are used in the research process: analysis, synthesis, systematization, case study, questioning. The results of the study showed positive views of Vietnamese students on the development of Russian speaking and writing skills through social networks outside the classroom. It was also noted that it is necessary to change the consciousness and attitude of teachers towards the use of social networking platforms as aids in teaching Russian speaking and writing skills. In addition, effective use of social networks in teaching other Russian language skills is expected. On the other hand, in a virtual environment, students can observe the reality of language use in everyday life, which is impossible for language learners in a non-linguistic environment. The conclusions drawn can serve as the basis for revealing the possibilities of creating interactive exercises and introducing them into the development of Russian speaking and writing skills through social networks in Vietnam. Future research may include studying the functions of social networks and their use in creating a system of exercises for developing Russian language skills; conducting an in-depth interview to assess the achievements of speech skills using various types of exercises on social networks. Keywords: Russian language, methods of teaching Russian language outside the classroom, social networks in teaching Russian language, teaching Russian language outside the classroom in Vietnam | 120 | |||||
6632 | The relevance of the work is determined by the role of the title, which has an undoubted value and highlights the structure of the whole text from three main angles: semantic, formal and informative. The title gives unity to the text, where the heading occupies a dominant position, which attracts the reader’s attention and creates a greater perception of the text. The aim of the research is to identify the general and specific functions of the titles of French and Russian fiction works of the 19th century, as well as the structural features and semantic component of the titles of the analyzed works. The research was based on the texts of fiction genre works: “Les Mystères de Paris” by E. Sue, “Peterburgskiye trushoby” by V. Krestovsky and “Les Mystères de Londres” by P. Feval. The study was conducted using a complex methodology that includes the following methods: observation, systematization, structural analysis, functional analysis, stylistic analysis. This article examines and analyzes various interpretations of the “title” concept by Russian and foreign scientists; determines the role of the title in the text in whole and in the analyzed novels by three authors E. Sue, V. Krestovsky, P. Feval; identifies the main functions of the title; classifies the titles types regarding their structure, semantics and stylistic content; the texts of the titles highlight the illustrative zone, which reveals the reasons for the similarity, starting from the titles of the works themselves “Les Mystères de Paris”, “Peterburgskiye tainy (trushchoby)”, “Les Mystères de Londres”) and ending with the titles of the chapters. A title is an integral part of any text. A title enables a reader to see the main problem, the idea of the novel. Events, that take place in the world are often reflected in novels, and consist of many plots united by certain themes or subheadings. These subheadings reveal associative, emotional and evaluative components of meaning, being a kind of the plan of the work, where time and place of events, an appearance and an inner world of the characters, images that form the picture of the whole book are involved. Any title is an encoded text that includes some kind of a hint about further events. A title is a reflection of historical and cultural development of society and the author’s ideas. The individual style of the authors highlights the image and spirit of the epoch, national peculiarities and linguistic fashion. The headings apply to vocabulary of different stylistic coloring including puns, decomposition of phraseological units and other stylistic devices. Keywords: title, title functions, title structure, compressed text | 119 | |||||
6633 | Today, the name of the playwright Nikolay Robertovich Erdman is widely known in the world theatrical space, primarily as the name of the author of two plays for the drama theater “Mandate” and “Suicide”. Written in 1925 and 1928, they received the highest appraisal of the figures of the national theater, but were banned by the Main Repertory Committee in the early 1930s and only in the late 1980s were published in the author’s homeland. Since then, they have been predominantly the object of attention of domestic literary critics. Few people know about the works created by Erdman in different years with co-authors, including for musical theaters. For the most part, they have not been published, and as a result, they did not fall into the field of view of researchers. The still unpublished text of the play by V. Mass and N. Erdman to the music of the operetta Orpheus in Hell by J. Offenbach became the subject of literary research for the first time. The story of Orpheus and Eurydice has long been of interest to composers and artists, but the composer J. Offenbach and his librettists were the first to present it in a clearly comic development. In travestying the main characters of ancient history, its plot situations, French authors of the mid-nineteenth century focused on the moral and everyday side of the private life of high-ranking people. Creating their text to the music of J. Offenbach, Russian playwrights developed its travesty expressiveness in the dialogues of action, represented in the comic history of heroes with mythological names the growing trends in world political reality at the turn of the 1920s–1930s. Keywords: J. Offenbach, “Orpheus in Hell”, libretto, operetta, public opinion, V. Mass, N. Erdman, travesty, play, dialogue, action, image of the burgomaster | 119 | |||||
6634 | Introduction. The growing popularity of online learning has led to the emergence of many online learning platforms and courses, which makes it difficult for students to choose them. Thanks to the promotional videos, the potential listener can quickly understand the benefits of a particular course among the many available options. There are differences between promotional videos on different online education platforms. These differences relate to the ways of presenting promotional and informational material. In this study, we set a goal of identifying the optimal linguistic techniques in the advertising support of the linguistic educational resources. During the study, a comparative analysis of Promotional videos on two platforms “Education in Russian” and “Stepik” was carried out. The factors that determine the differences in the Promotional videos are revealed. Firstly, both platforms have different requirements for authors. Secondly, platforms are distinguished by their format (pictures, presentations, and visual series). Differences in the format determine the stylistic difference between the texts presented in the videos. The authors use their speech elements of different language styles: book-written and colloquial. This is especially evident at the lexical level. Promotional videos on two platforms “Education in Russian” and “Stepik” act as a “navigator” in the course, making it easier for the listener to choose one or another suitable course. Keywords: promotional video, platform, text, structure, style | 118 | |||||
6635 | Introduction. The article analyzes the positive and negative changes that the system of the higher pedagogical education in Russia has accumulated since joining the Bologna Process. The author lists the main problems faced by the higher education system in connection with the adoption of the European Higher Education Area norms of legislative regulation. The article shows the need of taking into account the methodological recommendations for the future teachers training in pedagogical bachelor’s programs based on unified approaches to their structure and content. The author describes the requirements’ content characteristics of the Higher Pedagogical Education Core while formation of training curriculum creating at the two-profile pedagogical bachelor’s degree level. Aim and objectives. The purpose of the study is to develop and present a sample of training curriculum program for the «Foreign Language» discipline for the first and second year students of a two-profile pedagogical bachelor’s degree according to the requirements of the Higher Pedagogical Education Core. Material and methods. The educational program is compiled on the basis of unified approaches proposed by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation to its structure and content. The training curriculum program consists of basic lexical and grammar topics that are correlated with the given assessment tools. For each theme, the author suggests aspects for discussion, as well as typical situations for oral and written speech communication. Results and discussion: the given training curriculum program can be used while teaching bachelor students (with two training profiles) at all pedagogical universities in Russia, as it fully complies with the requirements of the Core of higher pedagogical education. It can be supplemented and expanded by the credits increase within the limits of the allowed universities academic freedom. Keywords: the core of higher pedagogical education, training curriculum of the discipline, foreign language | 118 | |||||
6636 | The article provides a cognitive-semiotic analysis of the semantic structure of the verb of auditory perception iһit in the Sakha (Yakut) language. As an index sign, auditory perception is considered from the point of view of semiotics, and as a complex cultural symbol, it is studied by methods of cognitive linguistics. Auditory perception as a means of perceiving and signifying the world has specific methods of representation in the Sakha language; their cognitivesemiotic description is the objective of the article. The research material was taken from the Large Explanatory Dictionary of the Yakut Language, edited by P. A. Sleptsov. The corpus of examples was borrowed from the dictionary entries of the same dictionary. They mainly relate to artistic discourse, the author which is given. Data from the online translation dictionary https://sakhatyla.ru/ were also used. The work displays a cognitive-semiotic approach, which implies a description of the semantic structure of the verb under study in the context of semiotics and cognitive science, analyzing the contexts in which we consider the representation of the category of perception as a cultural symbol of the Sakha ethnic group. The cognitive structure of the verb of auditory perception iһit in the Yakut language has a large number of conceptual features that verbalize various parameters of both auditory perception itself and, as a result of the development of figurative meanings in the process of speech production, many manifestations of the external and internal world of a person. As the cognitive-semiotic analysis of the semantic structure of the verb iһit has shown, it implements the following conceptual features in various contexts: controllability/uncontrollability, shorttermism, mentality, mediation, confident knowledge, readiness, obedience, conviction, etc. The following parameters of auditory perception, implemented by with the verb iһit in phraseological units: temporal, spatial, qualitative, modal. The data obtained indicate that auditory perception in the Sakha linguistic view of the world is closely connected with the mental sphere of a person, since the central feature in the cognitive structure of the verb iһit is the conceptual attribute bil “to know, to find out.” Auditory perception in the Sakha language is, first of all, recognition. Keywords: auditory perception, cognition, semiotics, human world, linguistic view of the world, verb, semantics, parameter, Sakha (Yakut) language | 116 | |||||
6637 | The article substantiates the possibility and expediency of using texts of a new nature for the development of students’ communicative competence. The inclusion of these texts in the didactic arsenal of a verbal teacher is due, on the one hand, to the tasks of forming meta-subject learning outcomes in a comprehensive school (we focused on the results related to the skills of information processing of texts), and on the other hand, to the peculiarities of the modern communicative space in which texts of a new nature occupy a significant place, making up the actual text the repertoire of schoolchildren. The material of the article contains the result of a theoretical study – a comparative analysis of scientific data on the varieties of texts presented in linguistic, speech, and cultural literature. It allowed us to build a hierarchy of texts: a linear text, a nonlinear (monocode, dicode, polycode) text, a creolized text, a media text, a hypertext, a cybertext, an intertext, an augmented reality text. In addition, the article reveals the course and results of an experiment aimed at determining the level of formation of the skills of 7th grade students to carry out information processing of texts, depending on the ways of its encoding. The results of the experiment showed that the students who worked with augmented reality texts coped best with the task (comparison was carried out with the results of the task by students who worked with linear text and dicode text). The conducted research gave grounds to assert that texts with augmented reality have great potential for teaching schoolchildren to write secondary texts-reasoning based on information processing of the primary text. This is due to several factors. Firstly, the perception and understanding of any texts is nonlinear, not instantaneous, but passes through several layers of decoding. Secondly, the digital generation deals daily with nonlinear structures in various spheres of life, which indicates the psychological and physiological readiness of modern schoolchildren to perceive nonlinear information. It is concluded that modern texts (texts of a new nature) have great potential for the formation of textual skills of students. Keywords: augmented reality texts, information processing of a text, linear text, polycode text | 114 | |||||
6638 | Тhe article is devoted to the description of the academic military-educational discourse as a speech activity aimed at training officers of the highest command. The academic military-educational discourse, due to the cognitive and communicative focus of the research, is analyzed by the authors based on the model of describing institutional discourse developed by V. I. Karasik. The materials of the study were methodological developments, summaries of classes of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (VAGSH of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation) from the personal archives of the authors. In the main part of the article, considerable attention is paid to identifying specific features of the academic military-educational discourse, the purpose of which is to acquire new knowledge by officers in the field of operational and strategic levels, as well as training officers of the armed forces of the highest military qualification, specialists in the field of defense and security of the country in the aspect of management practices. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time the academic military-educational discourse is analyzed, its main discourse-forming characteristics are described. The basis of the allocation of academic military educational discourse within the framework of military educational discourse is the classification of military education adopted in Russia: primary, secondary, higher. It is the specificity of the learning process taking place at different levels of education that has caused the need to separate the academic military-educational discourse into a separate version of the military-educational discourse. As a result of the analysis, the authors of the article identified the purpose, strategies, participants of the discourse, described the chronotope, values and genre organization of the academic military educational discourse. Since academic military-educational discourse, like other types of military-educational discourse, is a polysemiotic education, the authors introduce the parameter “communication code” into the model of describing academic military-educational discourse, which emphasizes the essential role of nonverbal communication code for establishing successful communicative clarity between its participants. In the work, according to the presented model, the features of the academic military-educational discourse, the communicative behavior of its participants, as well as key communicative strategies and its genre organization are characterized. The results of the study will be of interest to specialists working in the field of discourse analysis. Keywords: military discourse, military educational discourse, V. I. Karasik model, institutional discourse, communication, military education | 111 | |||||
6639 | The dramaturgy of N. Sadur belongs to the complex aesthetic system, which researchers classify as various artistic movements (absurdism, avant-gardism, magical realism, and finally, postmodernism). The article examines the play by the modern Russian playwright N. Sadur “Doctor of the Garden” (2011), in which the description of the space of consciousness of the characters comes to the fore. The play, which practically does not fall into the field of view of researchers, is an interesting example of the realization of the artistic possibilities of the category of space. It is indicated that in comparison with early works, the category of space in later plays becomes more significant. The article analyzes the world-modeling possibilities of the garden topos in N. Sadur’s play “Doctor of the Garden”. The article states that the image of the garden in the play is multi-layered and is realized at different levels: cultural-symbolic, real, social, natural-biological, at the level of the characters’ consciousness space. The play is read from two points of view: as a realistic one, with a socio-psychological conflict, and as a neo-modernist one, with a conflict in the consciousness of the characters: they experience an internal conflict associated with the awareness of themselves and each other. Based on the analysis of the spatial structure of the play, it is concluded that the garden, which is both a character, a real space in which the action takes place, and a symbolic cultural topos, is a world-modeling tool for the author. Keywords: modern dramaturgy, works by N. Sadur, topos of the garden, space of the game | 111 | |||||
6640 | The professional sphere “Urban planning” is one of the youngest, promising and rapidly developing branches of construction, which necessitates the study and systematization of this terminological system in the Russian language. Aim and objective of the work is to build a conceptual model of the terminological system “Urban planning”. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the definition of the hierarchical structure of this terminological system based on conceptual modeling, as well as in the identification and analysis of special units that are not recorded in dictionaries. The material for the study was urban planning terms selected by continuous sampling from dictionaries, encyclopedias, scientific articles, educational and methodological literature of building codes and regulations, thematic sites, videos dedicated to this field of activity. The analysis is based on general scientific methods, including observation, comparison, analysis, generalization, systematization. Also, the basis of the study is linguistic methods: definitional and component analysis, modeling based on the conceptual approach. The conceptual model of the term system of the sphere “Urban planning” is considered as a structured field, reflecting the general logical connection of all terminological units among themselves. The constituent elements (from the highest to the lowest position in the hierarchical system) of the model are terminological groups, subgroups and microgroups. As a result of the analysis of the studied material, the boundaries of the urban planning terminology system were determined and its systematization was carried out. A multilevel hierarchical construct of terminological units of the subject area “Urban planning” is defined, consisting of the following groups: “Fundamentals and methods of urban planning”, “Territorial planning”, “Functional and planning organization of the territory”, “Architectural and construction design”, “City improvement”, “Urban reconstruction”, “Urban ecology”, “Urban studies of the city”, which in turn are divided into terminological subgroups and microgroups. The terminological group “Fundamentals and methods of urban planning” was analyzed in details. About 290 terms have been studied, among which 35 are not recorded in academic terminological dictionaries. The conceptual scheme of this terminological system has a multi-level hierarchical structure and consists of 8 terminological groups, 23 terminological subgroups, 9 terminological microgroups, in total 20 thematic blocks are allocated]. The intersection relations of terminological subgroups as part of the studied terminological system are also established. Keywords: term, terminology, terminological system, urban planning, conceptual modeling of the terminological system, Russian language | 105 | |||||
6641 | Perceptive vocabulary holds a special place in autobiographical text, as it is through this that the author conveys their memories and impressions of the events described. The lexicon of auditory perception in autobiographical works allows for an expanded understanding of the specifics of perceptive lexical representations in literary works. The lexicon of auditory perception is examined through the proposition of perception, the basis of which consists of predicates expressed by verbs. The purpose of the article is to analyze the semantics and functioning of auditory perception vocabulary in autobiographical text. The material is presented in the form of 189 statements from Irina Odoevtseva’s work “On the Banks of the Neva,” containing verbal lexemes with the semantics of auditory perception. The primary method used is the scientific description method, implemented through techniques of contextual analysis, as well as observation, comparison, analysis, synthesis, and generalization. It has been determined that verbs of auditory perception perform various roles in the semantic organization of statements. Verbs with the semantics of active and passive auditory perception of both subjective and objective orientation have been examined. The conclusion is made that in the work “On the Banks of the Neva,” there are more verbs of active perception than passive. This is related to the specifics of the work – in this way, the author conveys their eagerness to hear and perceive as much audible information as possible (listening to poems, reports, lectures, and discussions), to transmit the atmosphere of that time period, of which they were a witness. I. V. Odoevtseva indirectly reveals the character, worldview, inner state of the characters, and the nuances of human relationships through statements with the meaning of auditory perception. Perception, as part of memory, conveys what the author and other characters of the work saw and heard in the past. Moreover, the lexicon of auditory perception deepens the understanding of the work and takes the reader back to the time remembered by the author, immersing them in the autobiographical discourse. As a result of the analysis, it has been determined that verbs with the semantics of auditory perception perform the function of recreating memories in autobiographical text. Keywords: autobiography, verbs of auditory perception, semantic model, active and passive perception | 105 | |||||
6642 | The article is devoted to the study of expressive syntax in political discourse on the example of two speeches by Donald Trump and Joe Biden with congratulations on Christmas in 2017 and 2022. The author aims to study the potential of expressiveness of the used syntax of politicians on the example of word combinations and parenthetical additions. This goal is achieved through the analysis of the categories of functioning of phrases and parenthetical contributions on specific examples from the relevant speeches. The conducted analysis helps to draw a conclusion about the degree of importance of the syntactic means of expressiveness in political discourse. In the course of the analysis, we first analysed the phrases with inherent expressiveness and then moved on to the phrases with adherent expressiveness and presented such categories of phrase functioning as the following examples: the category of clichéd, idiomatic and connotative. On the basis of these categories, the functioning of phrases in various stylistic figures (amplification, repetition, polysyndeton, growth, antithesis) was revealed and illustrated in the examples from two political speeches which relate to one topic (Christmas). Based on the expressiveness and the content of parenthetical contributions, the categories of reference, exemplification, deliberation and their role in the statements of politicians were singled out. It was concluded that phrases are the basis for creating an emotionally charged sentence or text. The syntactic expressiveness of speech in politics increases the manipulative effect on the listeners and, thus, it becomes easier for the speaker to realize his intentions. Keywords: political discourse, parenthetical additions, the functioning of phrases, expressive syntax, stylistic figures, text-binding elements, concepts | 104 | |||||
6643 | In modern linguistics, the study of the features of modeling and objectification of space qualifies as one of the “eternal” topics. In the scientific literature, when defining space, the definitional model “space – category” prevails, however, researchers note the close connection of this phenomenon with the picture of the world of the ethnic group. Space defines the structure and boundaries of the world within the framework of the picture of the world. The parameters of space, according to which it is modeled in the mind of an individual, are set by culture. Among them is the dimension of space. Traditional for Russian linguistic culture is a horizontally oriented spatial model of the world. However, under the influence of Christianity, a vertically oriented spatial model is also formed. The space perceived in the vertical plane is divided into the space of being (or earthly space) and sacred space. In addition, the space is displayed in the human mind by a number of tactile, visual, dynamic and other images. Among them we include the image of the garden, which we refer to the images of sacred space. The purpose of the article is to describe the means of explication of the considered image in the poet’s work. The material of the study was the texts of poems and short poems by S. Yesenin. The corpus of factual material was selected by the method of continuous sampling; the method of contextual analysis and linguoculturological analysis were also used. As a result of the study, individual-author’s features of space modeling in S. Yesenin’s lyrics were revealed, in which the image of a garden occupies a border position between earthly and sacred space. In Russian linguistic culture, the image of a garden is traditionally regarded as one of the locus of the sacred space, correlated with paradise. It was inhabited by divine beings, the righteous and the souls of the dead (verbalized in the texts of the Ryazan poet by the combination Garden of Edem, blue garden). The study of the means of explication of the image of the garden as a key image of the sacred space in the work of S. Yesenin made it possible to identify the syncretism of the perception of space and the world as a whole, to describe the features of Russian linguistic culture, which are displayed and broadcast in the author’s works. The significance of the study lies in the reflection of the author’s modeling of space and understanding of realities and their images through the prism of the category “own or another’s”. Keywords: linguoculture, spatial model of the world, locus, definition model, image, sacred space | 102 | |||||
6644 | The relevant and urgent question to arise today is the training of specialists in technical fields, due to the fact that this field of modern education is of the highest priority. The constant work to improve the quality of the educational process is underway. Moreover, the subjects of the humanitarian cycle play a special role in this issue. It is worth saying that a key place is occupied by a foreign language, which is necessary for the fruitful implementation of engineering activities, accompanied by a huge amount of documentation in English. The question of how to build the learning process at a technical university in order to ensure the comprehensive assimilation and application of academic and professional material in the practical activities of students has been increasingly frequent. According to the research conducted on the problem how to combine professional knowledge and foreign language in practice, an integrative approach to learning could be a viable option to provide such training at a technical university. The main idea of this approach is the development of student skills to work autonomously, find, evaluate, analyze and classify the information received in their native and foreign languages, using knowledge from different professional areas to solve complicated engineering tasks. The purpose of this work is to study and analyze the main characteristics of an integrative approach in teaching technical university students to ensure a qualitative combination of the content of professionally oriented subjects and a foreign language into a single whole. The articles of Russian scientists are used as the materials of the research to investigate the variety of views on the issue of implementing an integrative approach in education. The main methods to collect and process data are theoretical, empirical and statistical. The results received in the process of the research highlighted positive effects from students’ participating in the academic events organized by TPU. In conclusion the importance of an integrative approach in foreign language teaching in collaboration with professional subjects is substantiated. Keywords: integrative approach, technical university, professional discipline, foreign language, interdisciplinary links, higher professional education | 102 | |||||
6645 | Teaching mathematical activity is almost completely reduced to learning how to manage information processing. The author identifies three levels of mathematical information processing: the level of typical algorithms (for example, calculating the value of an arithmetic operation), the level of typical strategies (for example, solving equations) and the level of methodology (for example, the choice of a mathematical language for solving a task). Work at the level of typical algorithms and the simplest strategies of activity can be carried out without a deep understanding of the phenomena involved. But work at the level of strategies, and even more so, at the level of methodology, already requires understanding. We propose to interpret the term “understanding” as a system of associations with a mathematical phenomenon, i.e., concept, theorem, strategy, decision, etc. With a formal-constructive interpretation of the model, the considered interpretation of understanding includes the “creation of meanings” and other components of understanding. To control the completeness of the system of associations, it is proposed to apply the classification of associations with a phenomenon: 1) as an object or product of modeling activity (prototype, image and an interface, i.e. a system of information exchange between a prototype and an image); 2) as with a tool or operations; 3) as the management system and its components (with the motive of activity, with typical goals, with typical strategies and, in particular, algorithms, with systems for evaluating the adequacy of the model). The conditions for the success of the formation of priority associations among students are indicated: 1) adjustment of educational and methodological support; 2) adjustment of control and measuring materials; 3) purposeful formation of basic associations and, in particular, learning to translate information into different mathematical languages; 4) multi-aspect positioning of the studied phenomena relative to the information already learned by the student. Keywords: understanding, model, mathematical phenomenon, association with a mathematical phenomenon, classification of associations | 100 | |||||
6646 | The textbook is studied as a special form of communication between participants in the educational process, within which it is important to model the images of the teacher and the student, which is realized in texts using specific discursive means. The purpose of the article is to reveal the content of the images of participants in the educational discourse presented in textbooks on a foreign language and implemented in statements that appeal to students; determine the discursive means of their formation. The study was conducted on the material of the texts of 10 textbooks of English and Russian languages studied as foreign languages. Research methods are determined by the specifics of the educational discourse and the textbook as a complex genre included in its structure. For methodological substantiation, the concept of discursive strategy is important – as a way to implement an image, which, in turn, is comprehended as a variant of implementing a discursive role that clarifies the manifestation of a social position in a situational-personal aspect. The image of a discourse participant is a set of its features, manifested in a special discursive orientation, not going beyond the typical, given by the discourse and aimed at achieving a discursive goal. The study showed that the specific situational genre goals of a foreign language textbook, set in accordance with the type of regulated educational activity, determine the formation of three types of images of participants in the educational discourse: 1) the author prescribes the performance of the corresponding task; the student is their executor; 2) the author is the organizer, “producer” of a communicative situation of a certain type; the student is a participant in this situation, its “actor”; 3) the author is a leading participant in a communicative situation of a certain type; the student is an equal participant in this situation. Their third type differs from the previous ones in its low orientation. Within the framework of the strategic implementation of the goals under consideration, the individual-personal ideas of the compiler of the textbook about the form of interaction between the participants in the educational process determine the choice of speech means, which sets a further variation in the image of the author and the image of the student. Further variation of the images is carried out on the basis of the individual-personal intentions of the compiler of the textbook and manifests itself in aspects of their individualization. Keywords: educational discourse, foreign language textbook, role structure of discourse, image of a discourse participant, discursive strategy | 100 | |||||
6647 | At the turn of the XVIII–XIX centuries, history, which was traditionally considered as part of literature, art, acquires the status of science. At this time, its branches such as philosophy of history, source studies, etc. are intensively developing, a scientific methodology for studying and describing the past is being formed. Gogol’s understanding of history approaches at least two concepts established in the historical science of the first third of the XIX century: biblical historicism and universal history. The initial idea for both is the postulate about the action of Divine providence in the earthly existence of an individual and all mankind. In Gogol’s picture of the world, the idea of Fishing was established quite early and was reflected in historical journalism, letters and works of art. The Christian concept of Divine providence is also read in the artistic system of the story “Taras Bulba”, defining its chronotopic and motivic organization, the system of characters. To determine the features of Gogol’s historiosophical concept and the author’s strategies of its artistic embodiment in the story “Taras Bulba”. The research material was Gogol’s artistic and journalistic works, as well as his epistolary. The material is analyzed in religious-philosophical and historical-literary aspects. According to the results of the study, a conclusion is made about the specifics of Gogol’s historiosophical views, including the artistic historiosophy embodied in “Taras Bulba”. In the poetics of “Taras Bulba”, the idea of Divine providence can be traced not only at the conceptual level, but also in the motivic complex and chronotopic organization. The motivic complex of “Taras Bulba” includes the following semantic links: the will of God and the free will of man, the situation of choice, the search for one’s place/destiny, the fulfillment of one’s duty as a manifestation of free obedience to God, etc. The chronotope of the story is characterized by a combination of different time plans, which allows the author to show history as an integral system, pointing out the causes of events and their consequences, as well as to present the historical process and the earthly existence of man in the vector of Divine Providence. Depicting the past of Russia, Gogol focuses on the fact that the “stone fabric” of great history is woven from the “threads of biographical” private stories, that the historical process is the result of a dialogue between the free will of man and Divine providence. “Taras Bulba” is characterized by a multifaceted and mobile optics of the image, which focuses on both epochal events of national history and personal stories of individual characters, including details of the description of their inner world. Keywords: N. V. Gogol, “Taras Bulba”, historiosophy, Divine providence, biblical historicism, universal history, the motive of freedom of choice, the motive of the search for one’s own destiny | 99 | |||||
6648 | The comparative study of closely related literatures seems to be a relevant direction in modern humanities. This perspective of the study allows us to identify the creative uniqueness of the work, the national basis and methods of literary reception through the disclosure of literary and sociocultural connections, and forms the openness of consciousness to the perception of foreign cultural codes and meanings. The creative individuality of Viktor Kozko was formed in the Belarusian literary process of the last third of the twentieth century, when there was an increase in the existential orientation of prose. Mythopoeticism is characterized by its rootedness in the universal humanistic constants of national specificity. The main stylistic changes occur at the junction of the artistic systems of realism – modernism, realism – postmodernism. The emergence of diffuse phenomena is due to both the individual author’s creative experiment and the general stylistic trends of the era. Modernist intentions in Belarusian literature have a pronounced folklore and mythological basis, which determined the predominance of authentic elements, helped to verbalize unconscious categories, making them the subject of author and reader reflection. Mariam Petrosyan worked on the novel “The Gray House” for almost two decades (1991–2009). The literary process at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries, on the one hand, demonstrates the completion of a certain sociocultural stage, on the other, it indicates the beginning of a new historical and cultural cycle. It is no coincidence that the allegorical nature of the novel satisfies the aesthetic and cognitive needs of the time – to create a metonymic image of modern society. Both prose writers actively use various types of secondary artistic conventions. Depending on the dominant type of convention and the dominant artistic technique, the following ways of enriching realistic aesthetics with means of non-classical artistry can be distinguished: actualization of surreal aesthetics; synthesis of realistic and fantastic; appeal to folklore and mythological motifs, mythological ways of understanding the world. The methods of mythological quotation used in the novels by Mariam Petrosyan “The Gray House” and Viktor Kozko’s “Chronicle of an orphanage garden” when embodying the images of teachers and students, topoi of the house and garden, neomythological methods of modeling reality allowed the writers to create a unique spatiotemporal organization of works, explicate national cultural codes. Keywords: Russian literature, Belarusian literature, realism, modernism, comparative typological analysis, mythological quotation | 97 | |||||
6649 | The focus of our attention is on the works of Yu. Ya. Yakovlev, which are in demand in school literary studies, have educational potential, but are insufficiently studied by literary critics. A review of articles devoted to the writer’s stories about the Great Patriotic War allows us to highlight their common features: central are the motif of memory and the technique of retrospection, providing a “link” of two time layers – the 1940s and the present (for the characters); the importance of dialogues of characters of different generations, attention to the inner world of characters. The article explores the theme of memory and the peculiarity of intergenerational dialogue in the works of Yuri Yakovlev of the 1970s, dedicated to the Great Patriotic War. The literary material (“Girls from Vasilievsky Island”, “Memory”) is interpreted based on the structural-semiotic research method. The writer uses a number artistic techniques: retrospection, the juxtaposition of two space-time planes (war and modernity), in the center – a pair of characters “child-adult” or “child-child”, the first represents the post-war generation and is the bearer of knowledge about the war or initiates the acquisition of this knowledge, and the second - having direct experience wars/blockades. Yu. Yakovlev reveals the idea of spiritual kinship, the unbreakable bond of the front-line and post-war generations. In order for the deceased to continue to live in the memory of their spiritual descendants, personal efforts, work and courage are needed to preserve knowledge about the war, loyalty to friendship. The analysis of the stories makes it clear that the writer inherits some features of the “lieutenant’s prose” (laconism of narration, attention to the inner world of the character, reliance on documentalism, a combination of lyricism, psychologism and naturalism). At the same time, there are differences due to the time of the creation of texts – the 1970s. The depiction of the events of the 1940s is mediated by the consciousness and imagination of the characters-children born after the war, which means they cannot be direct witnesses or bearers of military experience. This feature allows you to interpret the stories of Yu. Yakovlev in the context of the concept of “post-memory”, justified by M. Hirsch. Keywords: literature for children, Yu. Yakovlev, the Great Patriotic war, the theme of national memory, recollections, communication of generations | 96 | |||||
6650 | The article is devoted to the description of the speech genre (hereinafter referred to as the SG) of Internet revelation and the identification of its main genre-forming features and features of the language embodiment. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that for the first time the texts functioning in Internet communication and containing anonymous expressions of their revelations, secrets and emotions are subjected to a systematic description. The relevance of the work is due to the growing popularity of such resources and the lack of representation of linguistic works on their study. The study of the SG of Internet revelation was carried out on the material of texts published on the website “Overheard”, as well as “Overheard from teachers” in the social network “VKontakte”. The work is done in line with communicative linguistics. When analyzing the material, the methods of linguistic description, discursive analysis were used, including the characteristics of extralinguistic factors and reflecting the functioning of the studied SG in the Internet. Pragmatic, media, structural-semantic and stylisticlinguistic parameters are considered in the description of SG Internet-revelation. The categorical features of the Internet Revelation SG are: anonymity, first-person narration, virtual space of communication, focus on a large audience, mediocrity and asynchrony of communication. The texts perform an informational function and are characterized by thematic diversity. The communicative goal of the studied genre is to receive or present information containing the author’s revelation anonymously in front of a huge audience. The means of linguistic embodiment are described, related to phonetic (onomatopoeic literal combination for expressing emotions), graphic (repetition of letters and punctuation marks, use of capital letters and dots, adding emoticons), lexical (colloquial, reduced, colloquial, evaluative vocabulary; figurative words and expressions ) and grammatical level (past tense verbs; adverbs of measure and degree; exclamatory and interrogative sentences, etc.), stylistic features of the texts (first-person narration; colloquial and written style that has the characteristics of Internet discourse, narrative and autobiography) are revealed. It has been proven that Internet revelation is a unique genre formation that has a certain composition, its own style, and a special linguistic embodiment. The proposed methodology for analyzing the speech language of Internet revelation can be used to describe other informative speech genres of Internet communication. Keywords: speech genre, Internet, revelation, Internet revelation, overheard | 96 |