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4351 | . | 855 | |||||
4352 | The article «The meaning building aspects of the religious mentality* is the first authors attempt to approach to the analysis of the main meaning building aspects of the religious mentality as the ground of the mentality in general and confirmation of the culture building role for religious knowledge on every existence levels. | 855 | |||||
4353 | The properties of solutions for a kinetic equation, which describes the energy relaxation properties in dielectrics under the ultra-short excitation by the high-energy electrons’ beam are investigated. In the effective-short-wave phonon model the quasi-stationary solution in ionization-passive zone is elaborated. The region of applicability of this solution is discussed | 855 | |||||
4354 | This article gives the short description of the general principles of the organization of the constructional activity of the physical technical circle. The psychological and pedagogical bases of the directions of the activity have been carried out. At the same time the basic stages of the teenagers and the teacher on the creation of the examples of the school apparatus for carrying out practical lessons have been briefly described | 855 | |||||
4355 | Now the problem of use of peat as litter is actual as in Russia and abroad. Application of peat as litter is one of the most valuable agriculture utilization of peat. Peat of a low degree of decomposition as a litter has a number of advantages in comparison with wood shavings, sawdust and straw. The peat litter possesses a high moisture capacity and gas absorbing ability, small heat conductivity, antiseptic properties. High water- and gas absorbing ability allows utilizing manure and drains of cattle-breeding farms, integrated poultry farms, keeps the nutrients necessary for cultivation of agricultural crops. Using of a peat litter one can receive peat manure - the valuable organic fertilizer used in field husbandry. Productivity of animals and birds also raises, working conditions improve. We studied the fractional composition and size characteristic of raw material for litter, water absorbing ability of different fractions, pressing peat of a low degree of decomposition. Researches in the field of manufacturing and using of a peat litter continue. Keywords: peat litter, water absorbing ability, fractional composition of raw material, size characteristic, the pressing peat of a low degree of decomposition | 855 | |||||
4356 | . Keywords: . | 855 | |||||
4357 | The article discusses the content and methods of training students of pedagogical specializations in teaching the elements of the History of Science in the school course of Physics. The programmer of the educational module «Teaching the history of physic by means of information and communicative technologies» in the framework of the «Theory and methods of teaching Physics» course is proposed Keywords: the history of scientific experiment, educational module, theory and methods of teaching Physics, information and communicative technologies | 855 | |||||
4358 | The article includes the results of theoretical analysis of a problematic of implementation of humanitarian factors to the vocational education of engineers in the USA and Europe, based on authentic foreign scientific literature. Keywords: competitiveness of the engineering staff, widening of the engineering education contents, integration of technical disciplines and humanities, the interdisciplinary approach, the integrative approach, the integrated educational programs. | 855 | |||||
4359 | Along with the habitual factors influencing pedagogical process, forming a pedagogical situation lately is becoming of more importance. There are such factors as personal factors, a factor of increase of speed of the processes, and a factor of visual representation of training. Each of the above designated factors makes essential changes to the content of education. Keywords: individual characteristics, personal factors, increase the speed of processes, virtualization training, predictive thinking. | 855 | |||||
4360 | The paper outlines the endangered Siberian language documentation and description program undertaken by the department of Siberian indigenous languages of Tomsk State Pedagogical University. Based on the experience of the Ob-Yenissei linguistic area documentation project, particularly in documentation of the middle Ob area of Tomsk region, the main theoretical, methodological and empirical aspects of the areal study are exemplified. The discussion outlines some of factors affecting the development of local languages and cultures, assessing key hypotheses of their contact interaction and mutual evolution. Keywords: endangered languages of Siberia, areal typology, language documentation | 855 | |||||
4361 | The article contains the main results of the research work, which has been done to explore the foundation of citizenship qualities of teenagers by means of multicultural education. Keywords: multiculturalism, multicultural education, citizenship qualities, intercultural communication | 855 | |||||
4362 | This article contains information about the complex insects that form and inhabit leaf mines in the forest-steppe of European Russia (Middle Volga). Mines of moths of the genus Phyllonorycter (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) described as an example. Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Trombidiformes associates with leaf mines these moths. Keywords: leaf mines, leaf-mining moths, parasitic wasps, eulophids, host plants, entomofauna, invasive species | 855 | |||||
4363 | The presented results of the calculation water balance element for three represent water basin of big Vasyugan mires with a different degree of paludification on month interval for the period 1990–2009 years. There was analysed the perennial track records of the precipitation, evaporations and expenses of water, influence of the change the climate on hydrological marshes regimen. The correlations are estimated between elements of the water balances at different years. Keywords: paludification water basin, hydra-climatic facility, evaporation, run off water and heat exchange, wood-marsh zone, West Siberia, hydrological regimes, time dynamic | 855 | |||||
4364 | In this article main notions that are included in the frame system “Calendar vocabulary” in Khanty and Selkup languages are illuminated. These languages are not genetically related to each other but they coexist in the same areal on the territory of western Siberia for a long time. A comparative analysis of elements which exist in this system or which miss from it is held. Keywords: semantics, frame system, calendar vocabulary, Siberian languages. | 855 | |||||
4365 | The article is dedicated to the regulative strategies of addressee image embodiment, applied in “Prayer beads” and “Plantain” collections. The types of regulative strategies peculiar for the author are revealed. Keywords: addressee image, aesthetic actualization, regulative strategy, types of regulative strategies | 855 | |||||
4366 | O-H bonds dissociation energy has been appraised in molecules of ortho-unreplaced and 2,6-di-tert-butylreplaced thio(amine)alkylphenols. The calculation was carried out according to phenols’ oxidation potentials on the base of correlated-regressive analysis as well as to kinetic data (constants of interaction speed between phenols and cumilperoxide radicals) by means of crossed parabolic method. Keywords: phenol, thio(amine)alkylphenol, oxidation potential, bonds dissociation energy, reaction speed constant, correlated-regressive analysis, crossed parabolic method | 855 | |||||
4367 | The article attempts to analyze well-known in our country and also not translated works of Spanish writerhumanist in as a historical source. Attention is focused on writer’s evaluation of contemporary history of Spain and other European countries. Keywords: Baltasar Gracian, Spanish absolutism, the Spanish humanist literature | 855 | |||||
4368 | The aim of this article is the research of transformation`s peculiarities of the Russian society sexual way of life in the 16th century. The author singles out two tendencies in this process: archaizing (authoritarian) and modernizing (humanistic). Keywords: State of Russia, history, 16th century | 855 | |||||
4369 | The article deals with strategic guidelines of the professional mobility development of technical major students due to ongoing changes in the economy, development of new technologies and changes in the structure of employment. The problems of professional mobility in the historical aspect are regarded; promising targets for its development are identified. Keywords: professional mobility, humanization, personality, competence, continuing education, Bologna process | 855 | |||||
4370 | The implementation of the competence approach in secondary vocational education involves determining the type of the future expert, identification and formulation of the list of competencies, which one should have. We used the functional analysis of the professional expert. Keywords: secondary vocational education, competence approach, educational standards | 855 | |||||
4371 | The article considers the formation of “professional competence” term. Corresponding psychological and pedagogical literature was reviewed, correlative terms were analyzed. On the basis of information received the correlation between terms “professionalism”, “professional readiness” and “professional competency” was revealed and presented. Also, scheme presenting correlation of above mentioned terms was introduced. Specific features of professional competency of teachers working with disabled children were considered and analyzed. The structure of professional competency of such teachers was determined and presented in tabular form. Major components of professional competency revealing through three aspects: cognitive, practical and personal were identified and presented. Relation of these components formation ensures professional readiness of a teacher who works with disabled children. Keywords: professionalism, pedagogical excellence, professional readiness, professional competency, children with disabilities | 855 | |||||
4372 | The authors analyze three possibilities of the organization of interactive training (the educational presentations, application of interactive boards and a video conferencing) when training bachelors of pedagogical education in the system of the higher education. The article substantiates the relevance of the interactive technologies in pedagogical education, allowing, along with the competences of vocational training of the future teacher to form students’ ICT competence and also readiness for professional activity in the conditions of the electronic information and education environment of an educational organization. Interactive technologies allow students and teachers to implement professional and quasi-professional kinds of activity both individually and in group. Such interactive technologies as electronic presentations, the possibility of using interactive boards, the organization of distance learning by means of video conferencing are considered in detail. The electronic interactive presentations give the chance to represent complex material with the use of a large number of data, to show the changes happening in the studied phenomena or processes which are difficult for describing by traditional methods. Interactive boards increase quality of perception of information, form the information culture of the teacher and students. Possibilities of a video conferencing allow to provide within distance learning interaction of educational subjects in real time. There are various options of use of technology of the organization of videoconferences in the course of training. The individual results of the introduction of interactive technologies in the educational process are presented. Keywords: vocational training, pedagogical education, video conferencing, remote education, information technologies, interactive board | 855 | |||||
4373 | . | 854 | |||||
4374 | Svistunov V. N. . // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1999. Issue 1 (10). P. 14-15 . | 854 | |||||
4375 | Modern isotope division manufacturing represent multi-element technical and technological complexes. The computer testing system, developed by the authors, is intended for assessing professional aptitude of various categories of technological personnel of separation manufactures (researchers, technologists, etc.). The set of qualities required of various categories of separating production personnel was defined, and the flexible system of assessing professional aptitude was developed. | 854 | |||||
4376 | The article is devoted to release the expressive potential of adjectives in attributive regulative structures epithets type, which used in poetry of M.I. Tsvetaeva. Are revealed regulative features of the given structures of function of adjectives depending on type of epithets and their place within the limits of attributive regulative structures. Keywords: an adjective, an epithet, attributive regulative structure | 854 | |||||
4377 | This research is devoted to organization of space in the early lyric of V. V. Mayakovsky. In it are considered the opposition coordinates of horizontal plane, colour contrasts of visual plan, and dynamics of lyric hero's motion of in space of city. Keywords: early lyric poetry of Mayakovsky, space, motive, city | 854 | |||||
4378 | The article provides analysis of the process of realizing the leading ideas of modernization of education in rural schools: improving access, efficiency, quality of education. Keywords: principles of accessibility, efficiency, quality education, modernization of rural schools. | 854 | |||||
4379 | The article is devoted to the problem of the organization of individual work of pedagogical higher school students in the process of teaching practice at the educational institution. According to the author, the pedagogical technology of self-actualization, (A. A. Leontev, V. P. Bespalko, M. V. Klarin, etc.), which forms the ability to informative independence and activity, will allow to provide the creative character of independent activity of students Keywords: independent activity, technology of self-actualisation, teaching practice at the educational institution, informative independence, creative activity | 854 | |||||
4380 | In the article the necessity of integration of scientific knowledge during teaching students of “Technology and Business” degree programme is given, it is based on cyclical, cross and inter disciplinary connection; the kinds of cross disciplinary integration and the sequence of integration of the scientific knowledge. Keywords: integration, integration in education, cyclical connection, cross disciplinary connection, inter disciplinary connection | 854 | |||||
4381 | Informational society has got new educational requirements to the quality of the foreign professional-orientated training of the adult learners. This given requirements could be satisfied via implementation into praxis of the modern multimedia aid. The tool and practical approach are described in this given research paper. Keywords: multimedia, multimedia aid, adult learners, professional-orientated communication, exercises. | 854 | |||||
4382 | The article outlines the notion of methodology of integration in educational process and argues for necessity of application of the integrated approach to teaching a second foreign language in a linguistic university. Keywords: methodology, integrated approach, second foreign language, linguistic university, linguist-teacher. | 854 | |||||
4383 | The article focuses on the experience of the development of on-line English for special purposes complex based on Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment (MOODLE) intended for students who need foreign language skills for special purposes. It ensures complete motivation through interesting and enjoyable language activities and tasks that are developed by means of interactive media and multimedia technologies. Keywords: on-line educational English for specifi c purposes complex (ESP), Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment (MOODLE), foreign language for special purposes, interactive media, multimedia technologies, motivation | 854 | |||||
4384 | The work deals with pedagogical system development of cognitive activity of students and the arrangements for its implementation. It discusses the methodological position of scientists on the theory of teaching, training and learning activities of students. It defines types of learning activities of students. It also expands the structure of the self-government process of teaching students. Keywords: cognitive, cognitive activity of students, teaching, learning activities, pedagogical system | 854 | |||||
4385 | The article, based on the analysis of records keeping the primary documents of census materials, analyses the dialogue of cultures: nomadic Nenets and Russian official, the inevitable appeared in the census and revealed ways to achieve understanding between them by asking the right questions and interpretation the answers. Keywords: nomads, Yamal, Polar census, household census, traditional economy, hunting, fishing, reindeer breeding | 854 | |||||
4386 | The article reviews the experience of situational learning at Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service Academic College in education of students of hotel service specialty. Its kinds, such as situational challenges, exercises, cases are described. The peculiarities of its realization in education and its role in professional and overall competence are mentioned. Keywords: situational learning, situational challenges, cases; competence approach in education, hotel service | 854 | |||||
4387 | The article deals with theoretical and organizational problems of introducing European credit transfer system (ECTS) into Russian non-state higher institutions. The author has come to the conclusion that the introduction of ECTS causes a lot of questions on the part of professors and students of higher educational institutions. It is noted in the article that when working out the conception of the credit system for Russian higher school it is important to discuss principles of credit assessment of educational curriculum content on the basis of planning the results of its realization. The suggested idea is to give higher institutions an opportunity to work out experimental educational standards within the limits of cycle (and perhaps, course) structure of federal state educational standards. Keywords: quality of education, non-state sector of higher education, problems of introducing ECTS | 854 | |||||
4388 | The article deals with the semantics of preterite-present verbs in Gothic; the text’s frequency is calculated, the analysis of the contexts promoting the development of new values is carried out, mechanisms of the semantic changes happening in the development of preterite-present verbs into the modal verbs are defined. Keywords: preterite-present verbs, text’s frequency, context-induced reinterpretation, bridging context, switch context | 854 | |||||
4389 | The article contains the results of the ascertaining experiment aimed at studying the level of emotional stability of the children of the senior preschool age. The main methods to assess the emotional state of the child and to identify the particular manifestation of emotional stability were: the observation of children’s behavior in interaction with the tutor and peers, interviews with children and teachers, educators and parents questionnaires, projective tests. Defines the criteria and indicators of emotional stability of the children: the adequacy of the emotional response of the child in the interaction with the surrounding reality; the intensity of expression of emotions experienced; the stability characteristics of the emotional response. Analysis of experimental data allowed to identify three levels of manifestation of emotional stability of senior preschoolers (high, medium and low). Suggests the author ‘s definition of “emotional stability” in relation to pre-school children. Keywords: emotions, emotional stability, pre-school children, criteria and indicators of emotional stability, analysis of experimental data, the level of symptoms of emotional stability | 854 | |||||
4390 | There are the data of the study of rural students’ adaptation to studying at the university (in total – 252 people, of whom 144 – rural, 108 – urban students). The aim of the study was to determine the adaptive abilities to educational activity, motivation to learning and interpersonal interaction. It is revealed that the majority of rural students has less degree of adaptation to studying at universities. The article presents the description of pedagogical conditions for increasing the adaptation of rural students of the Far North to study at university. Realization of the program on the creation of pedagogical conditions for successful adaptation could reduce the number of rural students who faced difficulties in learning at 8 %. There was noticed a positive dynamics in the area of skills and abilities of learning activity (at 24 %). The intrinsic (positive) motivation of post-secondary studies also had positive dynamics (16 %), and communication skills increased by 16 %. Keywords: adaptation, rural student, adaptation program, pedagogical conditions | 854 | |||||
4391 | This article refers to the analysis of precedence as a means of naming and characteristic of a special anthroponym group, the names of writers, in German newspaper and magazine texts. During the study there were found several models that include precedent names (both proper and generic names). These models are being described according to their structure and semantics. The phenomenon of precedence is being analyzed in relation to the newspaper functional style with its special aims and goals. Precedent names are being studied in connection to the source and level of precedence. Functions of using precedent names for naming famous writers are also being discussed in this article. Keywords: precedence, precedent names, naming, anthroponym, newspaper functional style | 854 | |||||
4392 | The article deals with the peculiarities of rhyming compounds which are usually used as a means of speech expressiveness, but don’t belong to the system of rhyming slang. Rhyming compounds represent the group of minor types of word-formation in Modern English. The members of the group are less important in comparison with the other ways of replenishing the English vocabulary, but they play an important role in the field of expressive means of language. The meaning of rhyming compounds is diverse and often unpredictable; they usually denote quantity or intensity. Rhyming compounds are formed by repetition of roots with some changes in the vowels or/and consonants. The system of the word-formation type in question is rather stable and tends to increase. Keywords: word-formation, rhyming compound, expressiveness, colloquial speech, language and culture | 854 | |||||
4393 | The authors consider the problem of lack of teachers’ design competences in the design and organization of inclusive educational space. Scientists define the problem as the shortage of forms and techniques that allow the teacher to achieve positive outcomes in inclusive education. Within the anthropological approach by means of humanitarian studies, the authors attempt to understand the subjects of organization of joint activity of teacher and students in an inclusive process. The article considers pedagogical possibilities of the use of dialogue in inclusive education. The authors demonstrate the ability of this form of joint activities to help students be implemented in inclusive learning to be successful within their individual capabilities. The authors discuss dialogue in interaction with other forms of cooperative activities (lesson assignment, lessonproblematization), describe an educational precedent for the use of dialogue in inclusive educational space. The authors present the content of the pilot training project, characterize the system of lessons on the study of the novel of F. M. Dostoevsky’s “Crime and punishment” in the tenth grade. The project recorded the special role of the teacher in the dialogue. He is also a partner and an organizer of joint activities: that is, occupies an ambivalent position. This position is organized through pedagogical techniques such as card primary meanings, keywords, and algorithms activities. The dialogue is organized through various technologies: multimedia, games and problem-based learning. Their use allows the teacher to update the individual meanings of participants in inclusive education. The criterion of successful participation in the educational project is the development of subjectivity of students. A similar development is recorded in the framework of individual standards for each student involved in the educational project. Keywords: dialogue, collaborative activity, inclusive education, the subjectivity of students | 854 | |||||
4394 | The article deals with the question of communicative difficulties arising while a foreign language training of primary schoolers with special needs. One of the main objectives of foreign language learning is communicative skills training and development. In consequence of cognitive disorder children with disabilities encounter serious obstacles in communicative and play activities. The article describes communicative difficulties as barriers that destroy effective and comfortable socialization and interaction between interlocutors in foreign language. It indicates the groups of communicative problems and characterizes physiological and psychological reasons of communicative obstacles. The research shows, that children with disabilities are under constant stress. The article presents recommendations on how to overcome the given problems. Therefore, the authors emphasize the necessity of lessening the influence of psychophysical disorders, the significance of motivational aspect, and demonstrate possible activities, tasks that encourage pupils in studying a foreign language. The article defines a foreign language learning at the initial stage as a tool for children development, and offers to integrate natural inherent process of a pupil with the learning one. The described in the article results of the research can be used during the educational process by teachers of foreign languages, education psychologists, counselors, class teachers. Particularly the results may help teachers to develop individual educational course of foreign language learning. Keywords: foreign language learning, primary school age students, special needs, communicative difficulties, mainstreaming | 854 | |||||
4395 | The article reveals the picture of the word as a musical image, that contains imaginative and aesthetic categories of musical perception of the audience, as well as the complicated training of the musician. Such components deal with understanding, perception and reproduction of artistic intention in vocal. Performing art of a singer is one of the most exciting directions in music, since it allows to unite instrumental and vocal sounding simultaneously, creating an original artistic vision of a piece. Therefore, there is a number of factors considerably affecting the perception of a vocal-instrumental piece by a listener including the level of one’s singing and the harmony of a piece which are most tightly connected with psychological approaches to creation of an artistic image of a performer who is acting as mediator between listeners and a musical work. At the same time, during the primary stages of training at children’s art schools, the formal approaches to creation of an artistic image are prevailing, thus creating a stereotypical manner not contributing to unique features of an artist, making creation of high quality artistic image an impossible task. Hence, based on focused research, a new set of methods for creation of an artist image in vocal-instrumental piece for students of children’s art schools was suggested. The efficiency of approved pedagogical methods is proved and is related to understanding of the word picture core by young generation musicians and the ability to reproduce this. Keywords: artistic image, vocal piece, variety performance, children’s art school | 854 | |||||
4396 | This article is devoted to the methodological and practical approaches to developing and implementing the electronic portfolios for learners as part of the electronic educational environment for managing the learning process. Based on the modern model of education in the pedagogical university, as well as on the federal state standard, the main sections of the system of the students’ electronic portfolio have been formulated, which describe the main educational, scientific and other achievements of the students. In addition, the functional capabilities of the software implementation of an example of the electronic portfolio, software architecture and the methodological approaches to working with the system have been substantiated. The application of the students’ electronic portfolios allows us to quickly obtain the information about the status of the main parameters of student activities and to stimulate them in different areas of the activities. The electronic portfolio contains the following main categories of users: students, dean’s staff and system administrators. Students contribute the main data array (achievements of different types), and employees of the dean’s office can view a list of students’ portfolios. The created e-portfolio system allowed teachers, TSPU staff and the departments of the university to form a picture of students’ achievements in the different fields of the activities, which is enough completed for analysis and decision making, and on the basis of information stored in the system, to assign scholarships of different levels as well as to calculate rating indicators, and, thus, to indirectly monitor the learning process. Keywords: electronic portfolio, educational achievements, educational process | 854 | |||||
4397 | The problem of ethnopedagogization of the educational process is considered by the author in relation to preschool children attending classes in the institution of additional education for children. The author relies on the conceptual provisions of G.N. Volkov’s work on the ethnopedagogy of holistic teaching and educational process, the ethnopedagogical approach and the means of upbringing. The problem of interaction with the family in the system of additional education for children is being updated. Achievement of the stated goals of ensuring continuity in the education of preschool children in the family and the establishment of additional education for children is called upon to contribute to the ethno-pedagogical approach realized in the course of the study. Ethnopedagogy of the whole educational process is considered as strengthening of its ethno-pedagogical component. An ethnopedagogical model of the upbringing of children in the interaction of the institution of additional education for children with the family is developed, and some results of experimental work on its implementation are presented on the example of the Republic of Kalmykia. Approbation of the developed ethnopedagogical model of the upbringing of children in the interaction between the establishment of additional education for children and the family was carried out on the basis of the Elista Palace of Children’s Creativity of the Republic of Kalmykia. Shows the role of games and events in the system of ethnocultural education, the forms of involving parents in joint activities with teachers and children on preparing and holding a collective activity. The conducted surveys of parents of children attending the Early Development and Preschool Education Center of the Elista Palace of Children’s Creativity reveal the parents’ vision of the national identity of upbringing and the results of family interaction and the establishment of additional education in the implementation of the ethno-pedagogical model. The tested model ensures the realization of ethno-cultural values in the process of educating preschoolers. Keywords: pedagogy, model, ethnic and cultural traditions, education, socialization, further education, continuity | 854 | |||||
4398 | The article deals with the process of teaching reading of English-language legal texts in educational establishments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, which consists in targeting the professional needs of future employees of law enforcement agencies. Applying of the author to this topic is due to the fact that the process of teaching foreign language is associated with the formation of the ability to generate and interpret information in a foreign language in the process of professional activity, the need to read special literature and documents, to communicate with foreign colleagues on professional topics. The author pays close attention to the issues of taking into account the peculiarities of the legal text. The author defines the basic methods of removing difficulties when dealing with English-language legal literature, for example, by creating a bank of textual material and brief comments on individual terms and concepts. The text should serve to further develop skills of professionally-oriented reading in the specialty, as well as filling the vocabulary. The Anglo-Saxon system of law is a unique system that is based on completely different principles than the common law system. Acquaintance with its specifics within the framework of legal courses in the native language is practically absent and does not provide some acceptable extralinguistic basis for effective reading of English-language legal literature. Thus, in the process of reading, cadets should have a clear understanding of what exactly is being discussed, what place the problems discussed are in the system of law, law enforcement activities of foreign countries, etc., that is, it is oriented generally in the problems addressed in specific text that he reads. Keywords: legal literature, language specifics, language training, future profession, professional needs, legal text, educational establishments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia | 854 | |||||
4399 | The article studies the methods and techniques to translate gerund and gerundial complexes in prose taking into consideration the specificity of this literary genre. The purpose of this article is to reveal the typical translation techniques and grammatical transformations that are most often used in the translation of a literary text. This theme is relevant because the methods of gerund reproducing in the literary text have not been studied in detail. A comparative analysis of the original text and the corresponding Russian text was carried out. Semantic, lexical, grammatical and syntactical peculiarities of translation are investigated. The question of the influence of the contextual environment, mini-context and macro-context on the regularities of translation is considered. As a result, several translation techniques typical for this Russian version of the novel were revealed. The author comes to the conclusion that when translating a literary text it is important to take into account the whole set of factors. The practical significance of the article lies in the fact that it can be used as a teaching material in the classroom of translation studies in pedagogical higher education institutions. The article may be of interest to everyone working in the field of translation studies. Keywords: gerund, translation techniques, grammatical transformations, literary text, context | 854 | |||||
4400 | Kogol T. N. . // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1997. Issue 1 (1). P. 11-14 . | 853 |