Lexical and semantic features of multicomponent terms in physics (on the basis of English-language scientific publications devoted to dark matter)
DOI: 10.23951/1609-624X-2024-6-83-92
Modern research sets a new paradigm for the linguistic description of terms as units of special nomination. The emphasis is on the study of dynamic processes covering terminological systems of different subject areas, identifying qualitative changes in the ways of representing domain-specific knowledge. The current paper seeks to identify some specific features of the terminological lexicon of Physics within the framework of an actively developing area of physical research related to the problem of dark matter. The relative novelty of this area, its interdisciplinary and rapidly developing nature result in the complication of its conceptual structure, give rise to certain changes in the formal and semantic representation of special concepts. The focus of this study is on the analytical units of special nomination – multicomponent terms notable for specific combinatorics and semantics of individual components. The study is aimed to identify the lexical and semantic features of this type of terms, determined by linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The collection of lexical material for analysis was carried out not on the basis of dictionaries, as is traditionally the case, but on the basis of English-language publications devoted to dark matter search from highranking scientific journals for 2014 to 2024 years. While randomly selecting the items for analysis the following features of the terminological combinations were taken into account: the ways of their representation in scientific texts (variability of form), the semantic specifics of their individual components. The sample of terms comprises 223 units. The research is based on the method of linguistic description, represented by such techniques as observation and generalization, systematization, quantitative counting, component and semantic analysis. On the basis of the data provided by the study it appeared possible to identify some features of multicomponent terms of the “dark matter” thematic sphere: variability of form of the same concepts represented within the context of one article and in other publications; hybridization of form (combination of verbal components with abbreviations and special symbols); complication of the semantic capacity of terminological combinations due to eponymous and metaphorical components; susceptibility to such semantic processes as synonymy and antonymy. The practical and theoretical significance of the study may consist in the possibility of using theresults obtained to develop the theory of crosscultural scientific communication, to determine patterns for compiling specialized dictionaries and glossaries of physical terms, to design and deliver courses in language for specific purposes, and courses in specialized translation.
Keywords: the English language, Physics, scientific communication, multicomponent terms, dark matter, terminological system, variability, semantic phenomena
References:
1. Averbukh K.Ya. Obshchaya teoriya termina [General theory of term]. Moscow, Moscow Region State University Publ., 2006. 252 p. (in Russian).
2. Leychik V. M. Terminovedeniye: Predmet, metody, struktura [Science of terminology: Subject, methods, structure]. Moscow, Librokom Publ., 2009. 256 p. (in Russian).
3. Kuleshova V. O. Kognitivnyy analiz terminosistemy kak osnova metodologii proektirovaniya slovarya dlya spetsial’nykh tseley [Cognitive analysis of the terminological system as a basis for the methodology of designing a dictionary for special purposes]. Filologiya: nauchnye issledovaniya – Philology: scientific researches, 2021, no. 7, pp. 1–13. doi: 10.7256/24540749.2021.7.35939 (in Russian).
4. Mullyadzhanova N. S. Terminologicheskaya ekspansiya angliiskogo yazyka v russkiy. Avtoref. dis. kand. filol. nauk [Terminological expansion of the English language into the Russian language (on the material of chemical and physical terminology). Abstract of thesis cand. philol. sci.]. Moscow, 2015. 26 p. (in Russian).
5. Nikolaeva N. S., Fufurina T. A. Strukturno-semanticheskiye osobennosti terminov fiziki plazmy [Structural and semantic features of Plasma Physics Terms (based on a limited-volume source – an English-language scientific article)]. Filologicheskiye nauki. Voprosy teorii i praktiki – Philology. Theory and Practice, 2022, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 954–959. doi: https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20220137 (in Russian).
6. Mikhailova K. V. Osobennosti obrazovaniya fizicheskoy terminologii v angliyskom i russkom yazykakh: na primere leksiko-semanticheskogo polya “fizika elementarnykh chastits”. Avtoref. dis. kand. filol. nauk [Peculiarities of the terminology of Physics formation in English and Russian: on the example of the lexical-semantic field “Elementary Particle Physics”. Abstract of thesis cand. philol. sci.]. Kazan, 2008. 26 p. (in Russian).
7. Kosterina Yu. Ye. Linvisticheskiye i ekstralingvisticheskiye osobennosti angloyazychnoy termonologii fiziki nizkoramernykh sistem. Avtoref. dis. kand. filol. nauk [Linguistic and extralinguistic features of the English-language terminology of Low-Dimensional Systems Physics. Abstract of thesis cand. philol. sci.]. Ufa, 2017. 23 p. (in Russian).
8. Vinokur G. O. O nekotorykh yavleniyakh slovoobrazovaniya v russkoy technicheskoy terminologii [On some phenomena of word formation in Russian technical terminology]. Trudy Moskovskogo instituta istorii, filosofii i literatury [Proceedings of the Moscow Institute of History, Philosophy and Literature]. Moscow, LITERA Publ., 1939. Volume 5. Pp. 3–54 (in Russian).
9. Asthana Sh., Zakharova E. O. Strukturnye osobennosti mnogokomponentnykh terminov fiziki [Structural features of multicomponent terms in Physics (based on English-language scientific publications devoted to dark matter issues)]. Inostrannyy yazyk i mezhkul’turnaya kommunikatsiya: materialy XVII Mazhdunarodnoy studencheskoy nauchno-prakti-cheskoy konferentsiii. Tomsk, 17–22 aprelya 2023 g. [Foreign language and intercultural communication: Proceedings of XVII International Students scientific and practical conference. Tomsk, 17–22 April 2023]. Tomsk, TSPU Publ., 2023. Pp. 147–153 (in Russian).
10. Kosterina Yu. Ye. Fundamentalnost’ fizicheskogo znaniya i ee otrazheniye v angliyskoy estestvenno-nauchnoy terminologii [The fundamental nature of Physical knowledge and its reflection in English scientific terminology]. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiyskoy akademii nauk – News of Samara Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Science, 2014, vol. 16, no. 2 (4), pp. 949–952 (in Russian).
11. Alekseeva L. M., Vasilenko D. V. Sistemnost’ terminologii [Systematicity of terminology]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Rossiyskaya i zarubezhnaya filologiya – Bulletin of Perm University. Russian and Foreign Philology, 2015, no. 4 (32), pp. 5–13 (in Russian).
12. Mishankina N. A. Metafora v terminologicheskikh systemakh: funktsii i modeli [Metaphor in terminological systems: functions and models]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Filologiya – Tomsk State University Journal of Philology, 2012, no. 4 (20), pp. 32–45 (in Russian).
13. Superanskaya A. V., Podolskaya N. V., Vasil’eva N. V. Obshchaya terminologiya: Terminologicheskaya deyatelnost’ [General terminology: Terminological Activity]. Moscow, Editorial URSS Publ., 2005. 288 p. (in Russian).
14. Slozhenikina Yu. V., Zvyagintsev V. S. Terminy-eponimy: PRO ET CONTRA [Eponym terms: PRO ET CONTRA]. Nauchno-tekhnicheskaia informatsiya. Seriya 2: Informatsionnye protsess i systemy, 2017, no. 7, pp. 32–35 (in Russian).
15. Makayev Kh. F., Makayeva G. Z. Strukturno-semanticheskiye osobennosti eponimnykh terminov obshchey fisiki v angliiskom i russkom yazykakh [Structural and semantic peculiarities of eponym terms of General Physics in the English and Russian languages]. Kazanskiy lingvisticheskiy zhurnal – Kazan linguistic journal, 2020, vol.3, no. 1, pp. 17–27. doi: https://doi.org/10.26907/221.2020.3.1.1658-337-27 (in Russian).
16. Kudinova T. A. Strukturno-semanticheskiye osobennosti mnogokomponentnykh terminov v pod”yazyke biotechnologii. Avtoref. dis. kand. filol. nauk [Structural and semantic features of multicomponent terms in biotechnology sulanguage: on the material of Russian and English languages. Abstract of thesis cand. philol. sci.]. Orel, 2006. 41 p. (in Russian).
17. Taranova E. N., Ermakova L. R., Bubyryova Zh. A. Terminologicheskaya sinonimiya i antonimiya v leksike russkogo i nemetskogo yazyka [Terminological synonymy and antonymy in the lexical system of the Russian and German languages (using landscape science terms as an example)]. Nauchnye vedomosti Belgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Gumanitarnye nauki – Belgorod State University Scientific Bulletin. Humanities series, 2016, vol. 14 (235), no. 30, pp. 55–60 (in Russian).
18. Ivanova G. A. Terminologicheskaya synonimiya kak kommunikkativno-pragmaticheskiy fenomen [Terminological synonymy as a communicative-pragmatic phenomenon]. Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo universiteta im. N. I. Lobachevskogo – Vestnik of Lobachevsky University of Nizhni Novgorod, 2015, no. 2 (2), pp. 406–410 (in Russian).
19. Buzinova L. M., Chernikova E. O. Osobennosti sinonimii v angloyazychnoy ekologicheskoy terminologii [Peculiarities of synonymy in English-language ecological terminology]. Filologicheskiye nauki. Voprosy teorii i praktiki – Philology. Theory and practice, 2021, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 1906–1910 (in Russian).
20. Klepikovskaya N. V. Semanticheskiye issledovaniya v terminologii [Semantic research in terminology]. Gramota, 2008, no. 2 (9), Part I, pp. 105–111 (in Russian).
21. Gimaletdinova G. K. Semantika i pragmatika angliiskogo defisa [Semantics and pragmatics of the English hyphen]. Proceedings of Kazan university. Humanities Series [Scientific notes of Kazan University. Series: Humanities]. 2010. Volume 152. Book. 6. Pp. 188–198 (in Russian).
( 547.41 kB ) 
( 542.26 kB )
Issue: 6, 2024
Series of issue: Issue 6
Rubric: GERMANIC LANGUAGES
Pages: 83 — 92
Downloads: 56