Concepts of HONOR and LAW in the names of an illegitimate child and his mother (based on Arkhangelsk dialects)
DOI: 10.23951/1609-624X-2024-6-75-82
The article examines the linguistic embodiment of the concepts HONOR and LAW, important for folk culture, in the names of an illegitimate child and the woman who gave birth to him. In “Big Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language,” ed. S. A. Kuznetsov honor is defined as “a good, unblemished reputation, a good, honest name. Chastity, chastity, virginity (about women).” A woman who preserved her virginity before marriage is called че ́ стная ‘honest’; a woman who did not preserve it is called нече ́ стная, бесче ́ стная ‘dishonest’. The situation of having children out of wedlock is described by such a construction as роди́тьбесче ́ стно ‘giving birth dishonorably’. The lexeme law is interpreted as “a rule of social behavior that is generally accepted, mandatory, immutable; custom”. This law prohibits a woman from living with a man without marrying him, and also from leaving her husband. Living in an official marriage means житьпозакону ‘living according to the law’, взако́нномбра́ ке ‘in a legal marriage’. Accordingly, spouses living in an official marriage are called зако́нными ‘legal’. A child born in an official marriage was born зако ́нно ‘legally’. Official (legal) marriage and cohabitation are opposed to each other. If a woman gives birth to a child out of wedlock, she is called беззако ́нница ‘wicked’. The situation of having children out of wedlock is described by expressions невзако́н ‘not in accordance with the law’, непозакону ‘not according to the law’. This situation can be defined as беззако́ние ‘lawlessness’. Children born out of wedlock are described using the lexemes беззаконник, беззаконной, незаконной, незаконнорожденной, незаконнорожоной ‘illegitimate’. The concept of HONOR is mainly realized in popular ideas about maiden purity and a woman’s behavior before marriage. The concept of LAW for the situation of children born out of wedlock is more significant, because describes it from the point of view of not only moral, but also legal law, generally accepted norms of behavior in a team. Both marriage and children born in it are within the scope of the law, therefore names with the root -закон- ‘law’ apply to both the woman and her child. Both concepts describe human behavior from the point of view of public morality.
Keywords: Northern Russian dialects, concept, semantics, nomination, kinship terms, folk culture
References:
1. Kryukova L. S. Russkiy yazyk kak sredstvo vyrazheniya russkoy kul’tury [Russian language as a means of expressing Russian culture]. Yazyk i kul’tura – Language and culture, 2020, no. 41-42, pp. 55–60 (in Russian).
2. Tolstoy N. I. Yazyk i kul’tura: nekotorye problemy etnolingvistiki [Language and culture: some problems of ethnolinguistics]. Russkiy yazyk i sovremennost’. Problemy i perspektivy razvitiya rusistiki. Chast’ 1 [Russian language and modernity. Problems and prospects for the development of Russian studies. Part 1]. Moscow, Institute of Russian language named after V. V. Vinogradov Publ., 1991. Pр. 5–22 (in Russian).
3. Teliya V. N. Russkaya frazeologiya: Semanticheskiye, pragmaticheskiye i lingvokul’turologicheskiye aspekty [Russian phraseology: Semantic, pragmatic and linguocultural aspects]. Moscow, Shkola “Yazyki russkoy kul’tury” Publ., 1996. 284 p. (in Russian).
4. Berezovich E. L. Yazyk i traditsionnaya kul’tura. Etnolingvisticheskiye issledovaniya [Language and traditional culture. Ethnolinguistic studies]. Moscow, Indrik Publ., 2007. 599 p. (in Russian).
5. Agapova N. A., Bankova T. B., Ugryumova M. M. Realizatsiya kul’turnykh konstant v dialektnom yazyke: teoreticheskiye osnovy [Realization of cultural constants in a dialect language: theoretical foundations]. In: Bankova T. B. (ed.) Konstanty russkoy narodnoy kul’tury: yazykovyye voploshcheniya [Constants of Russian folk culture: linguistic embodiments]. Tomsk, Tomsk University Publ., 2017. 199 p. (in Russian).
6. Ugryumova M. M. Detstvo kak konstanta kul’tury [Childhood as a constant of culture]. In: Bankova T. B. (ed.) Konstanty russkoy narodnoy kul’tury: yazykovyye voploshcheniya [Constants of Russian folk culture: linguistic embodiments]. Tomsk, Tomsk University Publ., 2017. 199 p. (in Russian).
7. Nefedova Ye. A. “Arkhangel’skiy oblastnoy slovar’” kak istochnik etnolingvisticheskoy informatsii [“Arkhangelsk Regional Dictionary” as a source of ethnolinguistic information]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 9: Filologiya – Bulletin of Moscow University. Series 9: Philology, 2018, no. 6, pp. 66–76 (in Russian).
8. Kartoteka “Arkhangel’skogo oblastnogo slovarya” [Card file of the “Arkhangelsk Regional Dictionary”]. Moscow, Moscow State University, Faculty of Philology, Dialectology Department Publ. (in Russian).
9. Elektronnaya kartoteka “Arkhangel’skogo oblastnogo slovarya” [Electronic card index of the “Arkhangelsk Regional Dictionary”]. Moscow, Moscow State University, Faculty of Philology, Dialectology Department Publ. (in Russian).
10. Kokonova A. B. ROZHDENIYE i SMERT’ v prostranstve dialekta. Avtoref. dis. kand. filol. nauk [BIRTH and DEATH in the dialect space. Abstract of thesis cand. philol. sci.]. Moscow, 2011. 315 p. (in Russian).
11. Kuznetsov S. A. (ed.) Bol’shoy tolkovyy slovar’ russkogo yazyka [Great Dictionary of Russian language]. URL: https://gramota.ru/poisk?query=honor&mode=slovari&dicts[]=42 (accessed 04 March 2024).
12. Kabakova G. I. Kontsept chesti v rituale gostepriimstva [The concept of honor in the ritual of hospitality]. Etnolingvistika. Onomastika. Etimologiya. Pod redaktsiyey Ye. L. Berezovich [Ethnolinguistics. Onomastics. Etymology. Ed. E. L. Berezovich]. Yekaterinburg, Ural University Publ., 2012. P. 22 (in Russian).
13. Yakovleva (Red’ko) N. A. Obshcherusskiye slova “chest’” i “pozor” v govorakh arkhangel’skogo regiona [All-Russian words “honor” and “shame” in the dialects of the Arkhangelsk region]. Gumanitarnyye nauki – Humanities, 2021, no. 4-2 April, pp. 201–204 (in Russian).
14. Baranov D. A. Bludnyy grekh [Prodigal sin]. Muzhiki i baby. Muzhskoye i zhenskoye v russkoy traditsionnoy kul’ture. Illyustrirovannaya entsiklopediya [Men and women. Masculine and feminine in Russian traditional culture. Illustrated encyclopedia]. Saint Petersburg, Iskusstvo-SPB Publ., 2005. P. 58–61 (in Russian).
15. Red’ko (Yakovleva) N. A. CHEST’ v govorakh arkhangel’skogo regiona: semantika i sochetayemost’: materialy Mezhdunarodnogo molodezhnogo nauchnogo foruma “LOMONOSOV-2015” [HONOR in the dialects of the Arkhangelsk region: semantics and compatibility. Materials of the International Youth Scientific Forum “LOMONOSOV-2015”]. Ed. I. A. Aleshkovsky, A. V. Andriyanov, E. A. Antipov. Moscow, 2015 (in Russian). URL: https://lomonosovmsu.ru/archive/Lomonosov_2015/data/section_28_6880.htm (accessed 06 June 2024)
16. Kunavin B. V., Tedeyeva I. K. Kontsepty “chest’” i “sovest’” v russkoy yazykovoy kartine mira [The concepts of “honor” and “conscience” in the Russian linguistic picture of the world]. Gumanitarnyy nauchnyy vestnik – Humanitarian Scientific Bulletin, 2021, no. 3, pp. 183–189 (in Russian).
17. Volkov V. V. Leksema zakon i kontsept “zakon” v russkoy yazykovoy kartine mira [The lexeme LAW and the concept “law” in the Russian linguistic picture of the world]. Yazyk i mental’nost’ [Language and mentality]. P. 173–177 (in Russian).
18. Stepanov Y. S. Konstanty: slovar’ russkoy kul’tury [Constants: a dictionary of Russian culture]. Moscow, Akademicheskiy proyekt Publ., 2001. 990 p. (in Russian).
19. Nefedova E. A. (ed.) Arkhangel’skiy oblastnoy slovar’. Vypusk 17. Zakabalit’ – zalyachkat’sya [Arkhangelsk regional dictionary. Vol. 17.]. Moscow, Moscow University Publ., 2016. 400 p. (in Russian).
20. Listova T. A. Obryady i obychai, svyazannyye s rozhdeniyem i vospitaniyem detey [Rituals and customs associated with the birth and upbringing of children]. In: Vlasov I. V. (ed.) Russkiy Sever. Etnicheskaya istoriya i narodnaya kul’tura XII–XX veka [Russian North. Ethnic history and folk culture of the XII–XX centuries.]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2001(in Russian). URL: https://www.booksite.ru/localtxt/nor/thr/uss/index.htm (accessed 04 March 2024).
21. Kabakova G. I. Rebenok vnebrachnyy [Illegitimate child]. In: Tolstoy N. I. (ed.) Slavyanskiye drevnosti. Etnolingvisticheskiy slovar’ Tom 4 [Slavic antiquities. Ethnolinguistic dictionary. Volume 4.]. Moscow, Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya Publ., 2009. P. 414–415 (in Russian).
( 481.13 kB ) 
( 477.66 kB )
Issue: 6, 2024
Series of issue: Issue 6
Rubric: RUSSIAN LANGUAGE. LANGUAGES OF THE PEOPLES OF RUSSIA
Pages: 75 — 82
Downloads: 1