ELECTRONIC RESOURCES AS TOOLS FOR TOPONYMIC RESEARCH
DOI: 10.23951/1609-624X-2020-5-114-126
Introduction. The article is devoted to the description of modern electronic resources as tools for toponymic research. Until recently, the use of GIS in geographical name research could not be called widespread. With the development of modern information technologies, toponymic research has acquired new features, characterized by new approaches to the collection and processing of geodata. The purpose of the article is to identify, analyze and describe modern electronic means for collecting and studying toponyms in order to further use such resources in various kinds of research. Material and methods. Toponymic sets have become a central component of GPS navigation systems and online maps, which are now widely used in scientific research. Mass informatization, the development of high-speed Internet, the accessibility of the acquisition and use of laptop computers and mobile devices, and improved computer literacy of the population cover most countries of the world, which is reflected in qualitatively new approaches to studying toponymic vocabulary. Results and discussion. The revolution of digital mapping and mobile applications allows ordinary citizens to contribute to the processing of toponymic material online. With the advent of electronic systems Google Maps, Apple Maps, Yandex.Maps, Bing Maps and the like, toponymic studies have acquired a new character. Any inquiry at the level of microtoponymy has become clearer and more detailed. The author explains the progress in the development of GIS systems, demonstrates how one can use tools such as online toponymic dictionaries, electronic maps, scientometric databases, the GeoNames geographic database and Google translator for conducting toponymic research. The advantages and disadvantages of modern sites and programs focused on research in the field of toponymy are indicated. Conclusions are drawn on the feasibility of attracting technical means to toponymic research in general. The author shows that online scientific discussions on platforms such as ResearchGate and Facebook lead to real interaction between scientists and help to make scientific thought deeper, clearer and brighter. Conclusion. Taking into account all kinds of errors due to the application of the modern technologies described, the author considers it necessary in some places to control in the form of reconciliation of data, for example, on the etymology of geographical names, etc. In general, the tools mentioned in the article are positioned as extremely useful for identifying, describing, studying, comprehensive analysis and systematization of toponymic material.
Keywords: toponymy, research, electronic, dictionary, resource, database, Internet, GIS
References:
1. Kedrova E. V., Zarubin O. A. Primeneniye web-oriyentirovannykh GIS-tekhnologiy v izuchenii kul’turnogo landshafta dlya tseley rekreatsii i turizma [The use of web-based GIS technology in the study of the cultural landscape for recreation and tourism]. Materialy XXVIII Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii “International scientific news-2017” [Proceedings of the XXVIII International Scientific and Practical Conference “International scientific news-2017”]. Astrakhan, Nauchnyy tsentr “Olimp” Publ., 2017. Pp. 495–501 (in Russian).
2. Kert G. M., Lebedev V. A. Vozmozhnosti primeneniya EVM pri issledovanii toponimii Severa evropeyskoy chasti SSSR [Possibilities of using computers in the study of toponymy of the North of the European part of the USSR]. Petrozavodsk, CF of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1988.17 p. (in Russian).
3. Kert G. M. Primeneniye komp’yuternykh tekhnologiy v issledovanii toponimii (pribaltiysko-finskaya, russkaya) [The use of computer technology in the study of toponymy (Baltic-Finnish, Russian)]. Petrozavodsk, Kar. scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., 2002. 186 p. (in Russian).
4. Kert G. M. Problema vyyavleniya substrata v proyekte “Komp’yuternyy bank toponimii Evropeyskogo Severa Rossii” [The problem of substrate identification in the project “Computer Bank of the Toponymy of the European North of Russia”]. Traditsionnaya kul’tura finno-ugorov i sosednikh narodov. Tezisy dokladov mezhdunarodnogo simpoziuma [Traditional culture of Finno-Ugric peoples and neighboring peoples. Proceedings of the international symposium]. Petrozavodsk, 1997. Pp. 53–57 (in Russian).
5. Kert G. M., Vdovitsyn V. T. Informatsionnaya sistema dlya podderzhki issledovaniy v oblasti toponimiki [Information system to support research in the field of toponymy]. Trudy 7 Vserossiyskoy ob″edinennoy konferentsii “Tekhnologii informatsionnogo obshchestva – Internet i sovremennoye obshchestvo” [Proceedings of the 7th Russian National Joint Conference “Technologies of the Information Society – Internet and Modern Society”]. Saint Petersburg, 2004. Pp. 62–65 (in Russian).
6. Kert G. M., Vdovitsyn V. T. Informatsionnye tekhnologii v issledovanii toponimii [Information technology in the study of toponymy]. Voprosy yazykoznaniya – Voprosy Jazykoznanija (Topics in the study of language), 2005, no. 3, pp. 102–124 (in Russian).
7. URL: toris.krc.karelia.ru (accessed 14 September 2019).
8. Dubinin M. Yu., Rykov D. A. Otkrytye nastol’nye GIS: obzor tekushchey situatsii [Open Desktop GIS: an Overview of the Current Situation]. Informatsionnyy byulleten’ GIS-Assotsiatsii – Informational Bulletin of GIS-Association, 2009, no. 5 (72), pp. 20–27 (in Russian).
9. GIS Dictionary – Esri Support. URL:https://support.esri.com/en/other-resources/gis-dictionary/search/ (accessed 10 January 2020).
10. Rygalova M. V. Zarubezhnyy opyt primeneniya GIS v istoricheskikh issledovaniyakh: osnovnye napravleniya [Foreign experience in the use of GIS in historical research: main directions]. Izvestiya Altajskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta – Izvestiya of Altai State University Journal, 2014, no. 1 (4 (84)), pp. 199–203 (in Russian).
11. Bittner C. Diversity in volunteered geographic information: comparing OpenStreetMap and Wikimapia in Jerusalem. GeoJournal, 2016, no. 82 (5), pp. 887–906.
12. Bordogna G. Geoinformatics in Citizen Science. International journal of Geo-information, 2018, no. 7, pp. 474.
13. Gammeltoft P., Rykov J. B. Toponymic guidelines for map and other editors for international use. Eleventh united national conference on the standardization of geographical names. New-York. 2017. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318318167_Toponymic_Guidelines_For_Map_And_Other_Editors_For_International_Use
14. Hogerwerf J. Toponymic data and map production in the Netherlands: from field work to crowd sourcing. Eleventh united national conference on the standardization of geographical names. New-York, 2017. URL: https://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo%5CUNGEGN/docs/11th-uncsgn-docs/E_Conf.105_87_CRP.87_9_Definitief_Toponymic%20data%20and%20map%20production%20in%20the%20Netherlands%20-%20from%20field%20work%20to%20crowdsourcing.pdf
15. Perdana A. P., Ostermann F. O. A Citizen science approach for collecting toponyms. International journal of Geo-information, 2018, no. 7, p. 222.
16. Perdana A. P., Ostermann F. O. Eliciting knowledge on technical and legal aspects of participatory toponym handling. International journal of Geo-information, 2019, no. 8, p. 500.
17. Rö nneberg M., Laakso M., Sarjakoski T. Map Gretel: Social map service supporting a national mapping gency in data collection. Journal of Geographic Systems, 2019, no. 21, pp. 43–59.
18. Zimmermann A., Oshri I., Lioliou E., Gerbasi A. Sourcing in or out: Implications for social capital and knowledge sharing. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 2018, no. 27, pp. 82–100.
19. Ahmouda A., Hochmair H. Using Volunteered Geographic Information to measure name changes of artificial geographical features as a result of political changes: a Libya case study. GeoJournal, 2018, vol. 83, no. 2, pp. 237–255.
20. URL: https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199609086.001.0001/acref-9780199609086?btog=chap&hide=true&pageSize=20&skipEditions=true&sort=titlesort&source=%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780199609086.001.0001%2Facref-9780199609086 (accessed 18 December 2019).
21. Key to English Place-names. URL:http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk (accessed 18 December 2019).
22. Texas State Historical Association. URL:https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/browse/title/b/pager?page=21 (accessed 18 December 2019).
23. Name Origins of Florida Places. URL: http://info.flheritage.com/florida-names/ (accessed 18 December 2019).
24. Gufo.me – Slovari i entsiklopedii. URL: http://gufo.me (accessed 18 December 2019).
25. Victorian Places. URL: https://www.victorianplaces.com.au (accessed 18 December 2019).
26. Tent J. Placename dictionaries and dictionaries of places: an Australian perspective. ANPS occasional paper, 2019, no. 5.
27. GIS Dictionary. Esri Support. URL: https://support.esri.com/en/other-resources/gis-dictionary/search/ (accessed 18 December 2019).
28. Place Names – Foundation Spatial Data. URL:https://placenames.fsdf.org.au (accessed 19 December 2019).
29. Queensland Government. URL:https://www.dnrm.qld.gov.au/qld/environment/land/place-names/search (accessed 19 December 2019).
30. Geographical Names Board. URL: https://www.gnb.nsw.gov.au (accessed 19 December 2019).
31. Gazetteer of British Place names. URL: http://www.gazetteer.org.uk/features.php (accessed 19 December 2019).
32. The Getty Research Institute. URL: http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/tgn/ (accessed 19 December 2019).
33. Toponímia de Lisboa. URL: https://toponimialisboa.wordpress.com (accessed 3 February 2020).
34. Flood and Flow. Place-names and the changing hydrology of English and Welsh rivers. URL: https://waternames.wordpress.com (accessed 3 February 2020).
35. Arqueotoponimia. URL: http://arqueotoponimia.blogspot.com (accessed 3 February 2020).
36. Neotopinymie/Neotoponymy. URL: https://neotopo.hypotheses.org/1410 (accessed 3 February 2020).
37. Toponimio. URL: https://toponymio.wordpress.com/en_articles/ (accessed 3 February 2020).
38. Martynenko I. A. Toponimika Marianskikh ostrovov: otrazheniye kolonial’nogo proshlogo i sovremennye tendentsii razvitiya [Toponymy of the Mariana Islands: reflection of the colonial past and modern development trends]. Politicheskaya lingvistika – Political Linguistics, 2019, no. 5, pp. 159–170 (in Russian).
39. Chesnokova O. S., Martynenko I. A. Ispanoyazychnaya toponimiya Filippin: struktura i pragmatika [Hispanic toponymy of the Philippines: structure and pragmatics]. Acta Onomastica, 2019, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 171–185 (in Russian).
40. Martynenko I. A. Ispanoyazychnaya toponimiya Beliza: lingvopragmaticheskiy analiz [Hispanic toponymy: linguo-pragmatic analysis]. Mir lingvistiki i kommunikatsii (Elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal) – World of Linguistics and Communication: electronic scientific journal, 2019. vol. 1, no. 57, pp. 155–169 (in Russian).
41. URL: https://www.hse.ru/data/2015/09/23/1075418635/Academ_area_36.pdf (accessed 3 February 2020).
42. Oxford Handbooks Online. Scholarly Research. URL: www.oxfordhandbooks.com (accessed 3 February 2020).
43. Panin S. B. Sovremennye naukometricheskiye sistemy WoS i Scopus: izdatel’skiye problemy i novye oriyentiry dlya rossiysko vuzovskoy nauki [Modern scientometric systems WoS and Scopus: publishing problems and new guidelines for Russian university science]. Gumanitarnye issledovaniya Tsentral’noy Rossii – Humanities Researches of the Central Russia, 2019, no. 3 (12), pp. 51–65 (in Russian).
44. Chesnokova O. S., Martynenko I. A. Ispanoyazychnaya toponimiya Filippin: struktura i pragmatika [Hispanic toponymy of the Philippines: structure and pragmatics]. Acta Onomastica, 2019, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 171–185 (in Russian).
45. List of Publishers. Scholarlioa.com. URL: http://scholarlyoa.com/publishers/ (accessed 5 May 2020).
46. GeoNames. URL: https://www.geonames.org (accessed 23 July 2020).
47. URL: https://sites.fas.harvard.edu/~chgis/work/docs/papers/AAG_GazInteg-ration_Revised_2014.pdf (accessed 23 July 2020).
48. Ahlers D. Assessment of the accuracy of GeoNames gazetteer data. URL: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.722.8740&rep=rep1&type=pdf (accessed 23 July 2020).
49. URL: https://inspire.ec.europa.eu/events/conferences/inspire_2013/pdfs/25-06-2013_ROOM-5_14.00%20-%2015.30_50-Feroz%20Farazi_Feroz-Farazi.pdf (accessed 23 July 2020).
50. Mullonen I. I., Lyallya E. V. Geoinformatsionnaya analiticheskaya sistema “Toponimiya Zaonezh’ya” [Geoinformational analytical system “Toponymy of Zaonezhie”]. Voprosy onomastiki – Problems of Onomastics, 2005, no. 2, pp. 86–96 (in Russian).
51. Mishchenko O. V. Elektronnaya baza dannykh “Toponimiya Kostromskoy oblasti”: obrabotka i sistematizatsiya polevogo materiala [Electronic database “Toponymy of the Kostroma region”: processing and systematization of field material]. Voprosy onomastiki – Problems of Onomastics, 2011, no. 2 (11), pp. 89–104 (in Russian).
52. Gerd A. S., Azarova I. V., Fedorov S. A., Nikolayev I. S., Dmitriyev A. V. Avtomatizirovannaya baza dannykh po toponimii kak osnova modeli formirovaniya istoriko-kul’turnogo landshafta Ingermanlandii [Automated database on toponymy as the basis for the formation of the historical and cultural landscape of Ingermanland]. Materialy nauchnogo simpoziuma “Finno-ugorskaya toponimiya v areal’nom aspekte”, g. Petrozavodsk, 25–27 aprelya 2007 g. [Proceedings of the scientific symposium “Finno-Ugric toponymy in the areal aspect”, Petrozavodsk, April 25–27, 2007]. Petrozavodsk, 2007. Pp. 143–155 (in Russian).
53. Alekseyenko N. A. Informatsionnye tekhnologii v issledovanii toponimii Rossiyskoy Arktiki [Information technology in the study of the toponymy of the Russian Arctic]. Geoinformatsionnoye kartografirovaniye v regionakh Rossii. Materialy V Vserossiyskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Geoinformation mapping in the regions of Russia. Materials of the V Russian national scientific-practical conference]. Voronezh, 2013. Pp. 6–9 (in Russian).
54. Martynenko I. A. Google-perevodchik: praktika i perspektivy primeneniya v yuridicheskom vuze [Google-translate: practice and application prospects in a law school]. Vestnik MGYUA – Courier of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), 2018, no. 11, pp. 81–88 (in Russian).
55. Google perevodchik [Google translator]. URL: https://translate.google.ru (accessed 5 May 2020).
56. Yandex.perevodchik [Yandex.translator]. URL: https://translate.yandex.ru (accessed 5 May 2020).
57. Deepl. URL: https://www.deepl.com/translator (accessed 5 May 2020).
58. Fanhaluman. Wikipedia. URL: https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanhaluman (accessed 10 March 2020).
59. E-Onomastics. URL: http://e-onomastics.blogspot.com (accessed 10 March 2020).
60. Shokhenmayer E. Resources, media, networks and future of onomastic studies. Onomastica Uralica, 2019, no. 14, pp. 37–51.
( 1.99 MB ) 
( 1.64 MB )
Issue: 5, 2020
Series of issue: Issue 5
Rubric: TOPICAL ISSUES OF MODERN LINGUISTICS
Pages: 114 — 126
Downloads: 670