IMAGES OF CHARACTERS OF THE FAIRY-TALE POEM “THE MAIDEN TSAR” (“TSAR’-DEVITSA”) BY M. I. TSVETAEVA IN THE MIRROR OF COMPARISONS: THE MAIDEN TSAR AND TSAREVITCH
DOI: 10.23951/1609-624X-2019-4-31-40
The article examines the semantic and stylistic system of comparisons in the fairy-tale poem “The Maiden Tsar” by M. I. Tsvetaeva. The purpose of the article is to compare features of the source domain and the target domain corre sponding to the comparisons in the fairy-tale poem of M. Tsvetaeva with the features of the images of The Maiden Tsar and Tsarevitch. The cognitive theory of the metaphorical speech and the theory of the literary word associativity developed in the communicative stylistics of text are the basis of the analysis of comparisons. In relation to comparisons, target domain (A) is a compared object, its semantic features, while source domain (B) is an object, with which A is compared. In the consciousness of an addresser, source domain is a reaction to the target domain, while, in the consciousness of an addressee, it is an incentive to form the associative field of the target domain. As one of the most important characteristics of the literary word, associativity allows the addresser and the addressee to compare two domains (A and B) on a definite basis (C), which becomes a key to the aesthetic sense. The analysis includes semantic and stylistic, statistic and stylistic methods. The system of comparisons reflects the important characteristics of the key images of the poem. It concerns not only means of expression of the comparison (for example, Ablative of Comparison expressing brightness, sharpness, and dynamism plays a great role in the representation of The Maiden Tsar, while conjunctions of comparison with unreal modality expressing that the character is lost and incompatible with material world are significant in the realization of the image of Tsarevitch), but also the comparison of the target domain and source domain. The following conclusions are the result of the research: in the comparison of the target domain of comparisons representing The Maiden Tsar and Tsarevitch, the integral semantic feature is the unusualness of characters belonging to another world. However, they have different nature of this belonging: The Maiden Tsar has the solar one (semantics of life, energy, warmth), while Tsarevitch has the lunar one (semantics of unreality, physical weakness, cold). Comparison of the other semantic characteristics of the target domain (a type of beauty and strength) occurs according to this central opposition. The differentiation of images according to the characteristics of the target domain includes the difference of such semantic dominants as the strength of love (in the image of The Maiden Tsar) and creativity (in the image of Tsarevitch). Source domain reflects the associative richness of the poetic world of M. Tsvetaeva. Aesthetic content of the comparisons of M. Tsvetaeva is endless. However, the analysis of comparisons based on the approaches of communicative stylistics of text and cognitive linguistics makes it possible to describe comparisons as the semantic and stylistic system.
Keywords: idiostyle of M. Tsvetaeva, fairy-tale poem “The Maiden Tsar”, comparison, source domain, target domain
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Issue: 4, 2019
Series of issue: Issue 4
Rubric: CURRENT PROBLEMS OF RUSSIAN SUDIES AND COMMUNICATIVE STYLISTICS OF THE TEXT
Pages: 31 — 40
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