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DIALЕСТ LEXEME TRAVIT’ ‘SPOIL’ AND ITS SAME-ROOT FORMATIONS IN THE LEXICAL-SEMANTIC FIELD “HARM” // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2018. Issue 6 (195). P. 58-61

The work aims to study the specifics of the semantic structure of the dialect lexeme travit’ on the basis of revealing its historical derivative relations and the reconstruction of the etymological nest and the structure of its semantic field, which is expressed in the lexical-semantic field “Harm”. As the study makes clear, the semantics of the dialect lexeme travit’ originates from ‘rub, grind’, proceeds to ‘consume, eat; exterminate’ and results in ‘damage, spoil’ (compare the dialect lexeme trava ‘edible things’) and that along with the derivatives of the root trav-, whose etymological nest includes derivatives of tir-, tr-, trav-/trov-, tru-, try- as historical variants of the root ter-/tor. The original meaning of ‘rub, grind’ served as the basis for the development of the other meanings, which are associated with the concept of “harm” in most of the lexemes of this etymological nest. The historical approach allows the authors to draw conclusions on the evolution of the semantic structure of the derivative nest as a consequence of the interaction and development of initially related concepts, expressed by the derivatives of this derivational nest. Accordingly, this allows us to trace the evolution of a certain fragment of the world picture and national Russian culture.

Keywords: dialectal lexicon, derivative etymological nest, concept of “harm”

MOTIVATIONAL AND GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LEXICAL-SEMANTIC FIELD “HARM” IN THE DIALECTS OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2020. Issue 5 (211). P. 36-41

Introduction. This article is devoted to the study of motivational relationships and nomination models in the lexical-semantic field “Harm” based on the material of the dialects of the Russian language. The vocabulary of this field is associated with the expression of the negative utilitarian evaluation. The analysis of motivational relations and nomination models in the vocabulary of utilitarian evaluation shows the features of understanding the concept of “harm” in the minds of carriers of traditional culture. Aim and objectives. The aim is to identify structural-semantic and motivational relationships in the lexicalsemantic field “Harm”. Material and methods. Dialect material was collected from 49 issues of the Dictionary of Russian dialects. The detection of motivational features, as well as nomination models based on them, suggests a component analysis of the semantics of the derivative word in comparison with the semantics of the generating word, grouping of the signs of nomination in the model of nomination. The areal method and, in the case of an unclear internal form, the comparative historical method, serves to clarify the functional and semantic features. Results and discussion. Consideration of the motivational-genetic relationships of the units of the lexical-semantic field “Harm” in the dialects of the Russian language made it possible to identify and track the formation of the conceptual structure of negative utilitarian evaluation in traditional culture. As a result, it turned out that most field tokens have unambiguously established motivational relations, except for units of the core and the perinuclear part of the field, which have lost the transparency of motivational relations due to the historical depth of their occurrence. To reconstruct the motivational relations of these lexemes, data of etymological dictionaries are used. The analysis of semantic connections and motivational relations of field vocabulary made it possible to identify field boundaries and identify eight nomination models. Conclusion. The found motivational relations and the motivational models presented by them revealed, on the one hand, a fundamental similarity with the previously considered motivational characteristics on the material of the literary language, and on the other hand, they revealed differences associated with historical changes in motivational relations caused by the evolution of the concept of “harm”.

Keywords: Russian language, dialectal lexicon, the concept of “harm”, motivational relationship, motivational model