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1 | The Indo-European languages at the early period of their development were characterized by the structure and categories which were quite different from what they are having nowadays. The active structure, the predecessor of the nominative one, determined the morphological, syntactical and semantic aspects of the language. Binary opposition of the active and inactive cases developed into a new opposition which at the moment of the formation of the nominative structure consisted of the subject case (genitive) and the object case (accusative and nominative). Old Germanic t-stems and their Indo-European parallels reflect some features which were peculiar for the active stage in the history of the Indo-European languages. | 1033 | ||||
2 | The Early Indo-European language, being a language with the active structure, at the dawn of its history had the two-case paradigm. During the typological shift the former active case developed into the genitive, while the inactive case became the accusative. The nominative case developed from the genitive later, and the Indo-European and particularly Old German words with the meaning “tooth” have preserved some archaic features of the time when the nominative case did not perform the function of the subject. | 1012 |