THE LINGUISTIC EXPERTISE OF DRAFT LAWS: OBJECT, SUBJECT AND TASKS
DOI: 10.23951/1609-624X-2017-7-9-16
The article reflects the general situation of linguistic expertise. Linguistic expertise of draft laws is based on the knowledge of the science of language and general principles of parliamentary activity. Therefore, the essence of the object-subject nature of the linguistic expertise of draft laws is considered in connection with different linguistic and extralinguistic factors in the aspect of the legal discourse. Special attention is given to the analysis of the relation between the concept of juridical discourse and the legislative discourse, law enforcement discourse, court discourse. Determines the difference between language and speech aspects of the linguistic expertise of draft laws. Measures on perfection of process of carrying out linguistic examination are offered. Provides the examples to confirm the practical significance of the linguistic expertise of draft laws. The material of the research is legal texts. The novelty and the findings of the author’s research are concluded in the opportunity to detect and classify an array of existing terms, which are applicable to the issue of texts of laws. Scientific article aims to discuss the problems posed by teachers, graduates and students. The conclusions reached by the author can be used to conduct further research on this issue and in the law-making process.
Keywords: linguistic expertise, text, language and speech, draft law, genre, functional style, juridical discourse
References:
1. Kara-Murza E. S. Lingvisticheskaya ekspertiza kak instrument yazykovoy politiki [Linguistic expertise as a language policy tool]. Trudy instituta russkogo yazyka im. V. V. Vinogradova – Proceedings of the V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute, 2014, no. 2-1, pp. 204–211 (in Russian).
2. Kiyanova O. N. Russkiy yazyk kak gosudarstvennyy yazyk Rossiyskoy Federatsii v sovremennykh usloviyakh [Russian as the state language of the Russian Federation in contemporary conditions]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 9: Filologiya – Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 9. Philology, 2016, no. 2, pp. 106–116 (in Russian).
3. Bol’shoy tolkovyy slovar’ russkogo yazyka [Great dictionary of Russian language] (in Russian). URL: http://gramota.ru/slovari (accessed 8 December 2016).
4. Nesterov A. V. Ekspertiza v obshchey teorii ekspertizy [Expertise in the general theory of expertise]. Teoriya i praktika sudebnoy ekspertizy – Theory and Practice of Forensic Examination, 2013, no. 2 (30), pp. 162–168 (in Russian).
5. Kommentarii k Metodicheskim rekomendatsiyam po yuridiko-tekhnicheskomu oformleniyu zakonoproektov [Methodological recommendations on the technical construction of draft law]. Moscow, Izdaniye Gosudarstvennoy Dumy Publ., 2013. 120 p. (in Russian).
6. Metodicheskiye rekomendatsii po lingvisticheskoy ekspertize zakonoproektov [Methodological recommendations on the linguistic expertise of draft law]. Moscow, Izdaniye Gosudarstvennoy Dumy Publ., 2013. 40 p. (in Russian).
7. Spravochnik po normotvorcheskoy tekhnike [Guide on the rule-making technique]. Moscow, Germanskiy fond mezhdunarodnogo pravovogo sotrudnichestva Publ., 2002. 214 p. (in Russian).
8. Bezrukov A. V. Parlamentskoye pravo i parlamentskiye protsedury v Rossii [Parliamentary law and parliamentary procedures in Russia]. Moscow, Yustitsinform Publ., 2015. 164 p. (in Russian).
9. Butakova L. O. Lingvoyuridicheskaya ekspertiza v prostranstve lingvisticheskogo analiza rechevykh proizvedeniy, ili Chto dolzhen znat’ lingvist, chtoby byt’ khoroshim ekspertom [Linguojuridical expertise in the area of linguistic analysis of speech works, or what a linguist should know to be a good expert]. Yurislingvistika, 2008, no. 9, pp. 251–268 (in Russian).
10. Federal’nyy zakon «O gosudarstvennom yazyke Rossiyskoy Federatsii» ot 01.06.2005 № 53-FZ [State Language of the Russian Federation: federal law from 01.06.2005 № 53-FZ]. Rossiyskaya gazeta [Russian newspaper]. 2005. 7 June. no. 120 (in Russian).
11. Konstitutsiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Constitution of the Russian Federation]. Gosudarstvennaya Duma [The State Duma] (in Russian). URL: http://www.duma.gov.ru/analytics/publication-of-legal-department/2015/20_tri-08-15.pdf (accessed 8 December 2016).
12. Postanovleniye Pravitel’stva Rossiyskoy Federatsii “O poryadke utverzhdeniya norm sovremennogo russkogo literaturnogo yazyka pri ego ispol’zovanii v kachestve gosudarstvennogo yazyka Rossiyskoy Federatsii, pravil russkoy orfografii i punktuatsii” ot 23.11.2006 no. 714 [Russian Government decree “On the procedure for approval of the rules of the modern Russian literary language when it is used as the state language of the Russian Federation, the Rules of Russian orthography and punctuation” from 23.11.2006 № 714]. Rossiyskaya gazeta [Russian newspaper]. 2006. 29 November. no. 268 (in Russian).
13. Federal’nyy zakon «O vnesenii izmeneniy v otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossiyskoy Federatsii i priznanii utrativshimi silu zakonodatel’nykh aktov (otdel’nykh polozheniy zakonodatel’nykh aktov) Rossiyskoy Federatsii v svyazi s prinyatiem Federal’nogo zakona «Ob obrazovanii v Rossiyskoy Federatsii» ot 2.7.2013 № 185-FZ [Federal law on the introduction of amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation, and repeal of legislative acts (certain provisions of legislative acts) of the Russian Federation in connection with adoption of the Federal Law «On Education in the Russian Federation» from 2.7.2013 № 185-FZ]. Ofitsial’nyy internet-portal pravovoy informatsii [Official internet-portal of legal information] (in Russian). URL: http://www.pravo.gov.ru (accessed 08.07.2013).
14. Federal’nyy zakon «O vnesenii izmeneniy v Federal’nyy zakon «O gosudarstvennom yazyke Rossiyskoy Federatsii» i otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossiyskoy Federatsii v svyazi s sovershenstvovaniem pravovogo regulirovaniya v sfere ispol’zovaniya russkogo yazyka» ot 05.05.2014 № 101-FZ [Federal law «On amending the Federal Law «On the state language of the Russian Federation ‘and certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation in connection with the improvement of legal regulation in the sphere of use of the Russian language» from 5.5.2014 № 101-FZ]. Ofitsial’nyy internet-portal pravovoy informatsii [Official internet-portal of legal information] (in Russian). URL: http://www.pravo.gov.ru (accessed 05.05.2014).
15. Nyunyaev V. O. O novoy redaktsii Federal’nogo zakona «O reklame» [On the new wording of the Federal Law «On Commercials»]. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy – Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions, 2007, no. 2 (271), pp. 47–55 (in Russian).
16. Pravila russkoy orfografii i punktuatsii [Rules of Russian orthography and punctuation] (in Russian). URL: http://new.gramota.ru/spravka/rules (accessed 12 December 2016).
17. Batyushkina M. V. Propisnye bukvy v nazvaniyakh organov vlasti: sootnosheniye lingvisticheskoy teorii i pravotvorcheskoy praktiki [Capital letters in the names of public authorities: the correlation of linguistic theory and practice of law-making]. Vestnik Omskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. Gumanitarnye issledovaniya – Newsletter of Omsk State Pedagogical University. Humanitarian research, 2015, no. 3 (7), pp. 34–36 (in Russian).
18. Federal’nyy zakon «Ob osnovnykh garantiyakh izbiratel’nykh prav i prava na uchastiye v referendume grazhdan Rossiyskoy Federatsii» ot 12.06.2002 № 67- FZ [Federal law «On basic guarantees of electoral fights and the right to participate in the referendum of citizens of the Russian Federation» from 12.06.2002 no. 67-FZ]. Rossiyskaya gazeta [Russian newspaper]. 2002. 15 February. no. 106 (in Russian).
19. Sistematizatsiya i modernizatsiya zakonodatel’noy bazy Rossiyskoy Federatsii v 1994–2014 gg. [Systematizayion and modernization of legislation of the Russian Federation (1994–2014)]. Otchet o nauchno-issledovatel’skoy rabote FGNIU «Institut zakonodatel’stva i sravnitel’nogo pravovedeniya pri Pravitel’stve Rossiyskoy Federatsii» [Report on the research work of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Jurisprudence under the Government of the Russian Federation]. 2014. 254 p. (in Russian).
20. Sazonova D. V. Lingvisticheskaya ekspertiza normativno-pravovykh aktov kak sostavnaya chast’ yuridicheskoy tekhnologii [Lingvisticheskaya ekspertiza of normative legal acts as part of the legal technology]. Voprosy rossiyskogo i mezhdunarodnogo prava – Issues of Russian and international law, 2013, no. 5-6, pp. 91–101 (in Russian).
21. Zakon Novosibirskoy oblasti «O normativnykh pravovykh aktakh Novosibirskoy oblasti» ot 25.12.2006 № 80-OZ [Novosibirsk region law «On normative legal acts of the Novosibirsk region» from 25.12.2006 № 80-OZ]. Vedomosti Novosibirskogo oblastnogo Soveta deputatov – Vedomosti of the Novosibirsk Regional Council of Deputies, 2007. 5 January, no. 1 (in Russian).
Issue: 7, 2017
Series of issue: Issue 7
Rubric: ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF RUSSIAN STUDIES
Pages: 9 — 16
Downloads: 1145